Практическая работа Что такое трактор?СПО

Инструкционная карта № 56 (19)

на выполнение практического занятия по дисциплине
ОГСЭ.03 Иностранный язык
для обучающихся специальности

35.02.07 Механизация сельского хозяйства

Тема: What is a tractor? Трактор.

Цель: Ознакомиться с лексикой:

• Образовательная: совершенствовать навыки чтения ,письма ,умений работать со словарем, навыков перевода узкой направленности ,формировать коммуникативную иноязычную компетенцию ,необходимую для успешной социализации и самореализации как инструмента межкультурного общения в современном поликультурном мире, формировать умения использовать английский язык как средство для получения информации из англоязычных источников в образовательных и самообразовательных целях.

• Воспитательная :формировать ценностное отношение к языку как культурному феномену и средству отображения развития общества ,его истории и духовной культуры, формировать готовность и способность вести диалог на английском языке с представителями других культур ,достигать взаимопонимания, находить общие цели и сотрудничать в различных областях для их достижения .

• Развивающая : совершенствовать умения выбирать успешные коммуникативные стратегии в различных ситуациях общения ,навыков проектной деятельности, моделирующей реальные ситуации межкультурной коммуникации.

Компетенции,умения и навыки,которыми должны овладеть обучающиеся:ОК2, ОК4.

Обучающийся должен уметь:

• пользоваться словарями;

• самостоятельно совершенствовать устную и письменную речь;

• пополнять словарный запас,

• общаться устно и письменно на иностранном языке;

• переводить со словарем иностранные тексты.

Норма времени: 2 ак.час.

Оснащение рабочего места: англо-русский и русско- английские словари ,раздаточный материал(карточки с раздаточным материалом ,комплект инструкционно -технологических карт ,посадочные места по количеству обучающихся ;рабочее место преподавателя

Литература:

1. Jenny D. Grammarway 4 - Student's book / D. Jenny, E. Virginia – Newbury: Express Publishing, 2021. – 278 p

2. Афанасьева, О.В. Иностранный язык. 10 класс: учебник для общеобразовательных организаций с прил. на электр. носителе: базовый уровень/ Д. Дули, И.В. Михеева, Б. Оби.- Москва: Express Publishing: Просвещение, 2019. – 248 с.

3. Голицынский, Ю.Б. Грамматика: Сборник упражнений. – 7-е изд., испр. к доп.–/ Ю.Б. Голицынский. – Спб.: Каро, 2019.–576 с.

Ход работы.

 VOCABULARY

linkage —навеска

three-point linkage —трехточечная навеска

to drive (drove, driven) —водить

the regular servicing — регулярное обслуживание

to cultivate — культивировать

general-purpose —общего назначения

to supply —поставлять

implement —инструмент; орудие

road making —строительство доро

PTO shaft — Вал отбора мощности

track load —нагрузка на гусеницу

tyre — шина, покрышка

crawler — гусеничный трактор

belt pulley — приводной шкив; ременной шкив — приводной шкив

shaft — вал

to mount — смонтировать;организовывать

dam building —строительство плотины; дамб

grip — захват

pulley — блок, шкив

wheeled tractor — колёсный трактор

 four-wheel-drive tractors — полно приводные тракторы

equally-sized —одинакового размера

at least — по крайней мере

 2. Read and translate the text.

TRACTORS

Tractor is useful when it supplies power to machines. Power can be supplied by the tractor in various forms. The tractor can pull or push machines, it can supply power to machines from the power-take-off shaft and it can drive machines by means of a belt from a belt pulley.

The tractor power is produced by the engine and is measured by horsepowers (hp) or kilowatts. There are tractors with engine power from 3 to 300 hp.

Tractors are classified according to the maximum power that their engine can produce.

The crawlers or track laying tractors are large. They are used for heavy operations, such as road making or dam building.

Large tracks increase the grip of the tractor on the ground and the crawlers are able to push or pull heavy loads and machines.

Most of the tractors have tyres which can be placed closer or far­ther apart according to the distance between the rows that must be cultivated.

Wheeled tractors may have mounted implements and machines on them. This is done by the three-point linkage,

There are tractors with diesel or gasoline engines. The diesel engine will use less fuel than the gasoline engine for the same work done.

The regular servicing of tractors is necessary because it provides the tractor's useful work.

The fuel should be clean and have no water. If the engine is water-cooled one must be sure that there is water in the radiator, The radia­tor should be clean. The oil has to be changed regularly.

III. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS ON THE TEXT:

1. In what forms can power be supplied by the tractor? 2. What operations can the tractor do? 3. By what means can the tractor drive machines? 4. What is produced by the engine? 5. How is the tractor power measured? 6. How are tractors classified? 7.What are the crawlers able to push or pull? 8. What are the crawlers used for? 9. How can tires be placed? 10. What tractors have implements and machines mounted on them? 11. What engines will use less fuel? 12. Why is the regular servicing of tractors necessary? 13. What should the fuel be?

b) READ AND TRANSLATE THE TEXT:

TYPES OF TRACTORS

Four-wheel tractors are produced with engines of size from the small tractor оf about 15 hp to the giants with the engine power more than 200 hp. There are two basic types of four-wheel-drive tractors. One type has four large equally-sized wheels, the other has small front wheels and large rear wheels.

Most equal-sized wheel models have engines with at least 75 kw (100 hp) and tractors of this type with 150 kw engines are in use in some areas.

Ploughing and heavy cultivations are ideal work for these big tractors.

Many of the four-wheel-drive tractors with small front wheels are basically general-purроsе tractors and are able to transmit the engine power to the front wheels. The four-wheel-drive tractors can move along roads and their pulling power is greater than the pulling power of the two-wheel-drive tractors.

Row crop tractor has narrow tyres which can be placed closer or farther apart according to the distance between the rows that must be cultivated. It has a light-weight design and good visibility. It uses a diesel engine from 30 to 4-5 hp.

The general-purpose tractor does most of the work on the farms. It has powerful hydraulics and is able to pull heavy loads at the drawbar. This type of tractor is heavier than the rowcrop tractor and its weight is used to increase wheel grip.

Track laying tractors or crawlers are used for dam building, road making, drainage work. This type of tractors has low operating speed but it does less damage to the soil than the large powerful wheeled tractor.

FILL IN THE BLANKS WITH THE NECESSARY WORDS AND WORD- COMBINATIONS:

1. The tractor can supply power to the machines from the ... (power-take-off shaft, belt pulley, three-point linkage). 2. The tyres can be placed closer or farther apart ... (according to, by means of), distance between the rows. 3. The crawlers are usually ... (small, large, various). 4. The tractor can ... (increase, pull, do) machines.

The crawlers are able to                (produce, push, drive) heavy loads.

Implements are mounted on the tractor by means of ... (a belt pul­ley, tyres, a three-point linkage). 7. The fuel should be . . . (heavy, clean), and have no water.

V. Подведение итогов занятия.

 Вопросы для актуализации опорных знаний:

What did you learn today?

What new information have you got?

What are the positive and negative sides of the lesson?

VІ. Домашнее задание: 

Home task: learn by heart new words.

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