Starlight-10
Comparison of Adjectives
There are 3 degrees of comparison for adjectives in English.
1) positive , which shows a simple quality:
small, deep, wise, hot
2) comparative , which shows a high degree of the quality:
smaller, deeper, wiser, hotter
3) superlative , which shows the highest degree of quality:
the smallest, the deepest, the wisest, the hottest.
Positive Comparative Superlative
old er
the old est
old
safe r
the safe st
safe
the long est
long
long er
hot
ho tt er
the ho tt est
односложные прилагательные
earl i er
двусложные прилагательные, заканчивающиеся на –y и с ударением на 2 слоге
the earl i est
early
tid i er
the tid i est
tidy
shy
shy er
the shy est
sly
the sly est
sly er
the polite st
polite
polite r
more famous
the most famous
двух-, трех- и более сложные прилагательные
famous
more comfortable
the most comfortable
comfortable
Positive Comparative Superlative
clever, common, cruel, friendly, gentle, narrow, pleasant, shallow, simple, stupid, quiet
clever er
the clever est
more clever
the most clever
некоторые двусложные прилагательные
the best
better
good
bad(ill)
the worst
worse
more
much/
the most
many/lots
little
the least
less
исключения
farthest
farther
(расстояние)
further
furthest
(время)
исключения, имеющие 2 формы сравнения
far
далекий
Positive Comparative Superlative
nearest
ближайший
next
следующий
near
nearer
близкий
исключения, имеющие 2 формы сравнения
latest
самый последний, новый
last прошлый
the last последний (по времени, по порядку)
later
позже
latter
второй из двух
late
близкий
older
elder
о членах одной семьи
the oldest
the eldest
old
старый
Constructions with Comparisons
as + прилагательное + as
An apple is usually as big as an orange.
not as/not so + прилагательное + as
A grape is not so big as an orange.
A grape is not as big as an orange.
twice/three times as + прилагательное + as
This route is twice as long as that one.
half as + прилагательное + as
This route is half as long as that one.
Translate the phrases and remember them:
half the size
в два раза меньше
half the age
в два раза моложе
half the weight
в два раза легче
half as much/many
в два раза меньше
прилагательное в сравнительной степени + than
He is taller than his brother.
A mountain is higher than a hill.
прилагательное в превосходной степени + of/in
Tom is the cleverest boy in the class.
Ann is the prettiest of them all.
less … than
менее … чем
The blue car is less expensive than the red one.
the least … of/in
наименее … из/в
She is the least hard-working person in our office.
антонимы
more than
the most of/in
Слова, уточняющие степень различия:
much - гораздо
a lot - намного
far - намного
a great deal - значительно
a little - немного
a bit - немного
slightly - слегка
He was far more than a translator.
England is much larger than Scotland.
Your flat is a great deal better than mine.
Jack is slightly taller than Jeremy.
Слова, подчеркивающие степень различия
в превосходной степени:
the very - самый
by far - безусловно
She is the very best pupil in our class.
It is by far the most difficult task.
- Повтор прилагательного в сравнительной степени показывает процесс увеличения или уменьшения:
Your English is improving. It’s getting better and better .
- Использование двух прилагательных в сравнительной степени с артиклем the показывает зависимость одного процесса от другого ( чем…тем ):
The earlier we leave, the sooner we will arrive.
The warmer is the weather, the better I feel
Remember:
the sooner the better
the bigger the better