Презентация "Наречие в английском языке"

Presentation on the topic :

Adverb

An adverb is a word that specifies the meaning of a verb, adjective, another adverb, or the whole sentence.

He writes quickly . – Он пишет быстро.

Her car is very sporty . – Её машина очень спортивная.

She hurt herself quite badly . – Она поранила себя довольно сильно.

Luckily he’s a doctor. – К счастью, он врач.

Adverbs

are formed from adjectives and end in-ly, for example:

are formed from other words, for example:

quickly – быстро,

always – всегда,

easily – легко и т.д.

soon – скоро и т.д.

Formation of adverbs ending in -ly

Most of the derived adverbs are formed by adding-ly, but the formation of some adverbs has features:

-le changes to / to –ly

For example :

simple (простой) – simply (просто)

- y changes to –ily

For example:

easy (лёгкий) – easily (легко)

-ic changes to

– ically

For example:

automatic (автоматический) – automatically (автоматически)

Exception :

public (публичный) – publically (публично)

Dumb –е in the adjectives omitted in the respective dialects

For example:

true (верный) – truly (верно)

due (надлежащий) – duly (надлежащим образом)

whole (целый) – wholly (целиком)

full turns in fully

For example:

true (верный) – truly (верно)

due (надлежащий) – duly (надлежащим образом)

whole (целый) – wholly (целиком)

Adjectives denoting a period of time and ending in –ly (daily – daily, weekly – weekly, monthly – monthly, yearly – annual, hourly – hourly, etc.) do not differ in form from their respective adverbs.

For example:

This is my daily ration of sweets. – Это моя ежедневная порция сладкого.

The nurse visits him daily. – Медсестра посещает его ежедневно.

Adjectives and adverbs that have the same values

Adjective

deep

глубокий

Adverb

early

deep

ранний

far

далёкий

глубоко

fast

early

far

рано

быстрый

hard

далеко

жёсткий, тяжёлый

high

fast

быстро

высокий

late

hard

сильно, твёрдо, тяжело

поздний

high

long

высоко

late

длинный

low

низкий

поздно

straight

long

low

долго

прямой

near

низко

близкий

straight

прямо, непосредственно

near

близко

Some of these adverbs also occur with –ly at the end of the word, but then they have a different meaning.

For example:

deeply – сильно hardly – едва ли

highly – очень nearly - почти

lately – последнее время

The meanings of the following adverbs also differ from those of the corresponding adjectives.

Например:

barely – едва ли mostly – большей частью

fairly – довольно scarcely – едва ли

justly – законно shortly – вскоре

Some adjectives ending in –ly, it is impossible to form any appropriate adverb. In this case, you should use the appropriate expression:

She gave me a friendly smile. – Она дружелюбно улыбнулась мне.

He gave me a silly look. – Он смотрел на меня с глупым видом.

Some words have different meanings depending on whether they are adjectives or adverbs:

Adjective

just

Adverb

only

справедливый

pretty

just

единственный

well

красивый

only

как раз, именно

только

pretty

здоровый, хорошо себя чувствующий

довольно

well

хорошо

One more peculiarity

Adjective good (хороший)

corresponds to the adverb well (хорошо).

Degrees of comparison of adverbs

• All monosyllabic adverbs, as well as early, form degrees of comparison by adding-er (comparative degree) and – est (superlative degree)
• As with adjectives, the mute at the end of the word is omitted before-r / - st, and the final-y is changed to-i:

Positive

fast (быстро)

Comparative

degree

Excellent

faster

late (поздно)

degree

fastest

early (рано)

degree

later

latest

earlier

earliest

Two-syllable and multi-syllable adverbs (except early) form degrees of comparison using more (comparative degree) and most (superlative degree)

Positive

happily (быстро)

Comparative

degree

Excellent

more happily

regularly (поздно)

degree

most happily

often (рано)

degree

more regularly

most regularly

more often

most often

The following adverbs form degrees of comparison from other roots:

Positive

well (хорошо)

degree

Comparative

better

badly (плохо)

Excellent

degree

best

much (много)

degree

worse

little (немного)

worst

more

far (далеко)

most

less

least

further/farther

furthest/farthest