Придаточные предложения условия

. Придаточные предложения условия. Изъявительное наклонение

Example. If the pressure rises rapidly, the water pipes will be damaged. – Если давление поднимется быстро, водопроводные трубы будут повреждены.

Task. Translate the following sentences into Russian

1. If you heat a metal bar to the temperature of melting, the metal will begin melting.

2. If the air supply stops, the fuel will stop burning.

3. An iron bar rusts slowly when exposed to the air unless it is heated to a high temperature in contact with oxygen.

4. If you don't simplify the design of the device, this will be very expensive and many companies won't be able to afford it.

5. If the pressure rises rapidly, the water pipes will be damaged.

6. If the temperature of a metal wire becomes higher, its resistance will be higher too.

7. If the phenomenon is interesting for us, we'll make a lot of experimental work.

8. If you mount a step-up transformer in this electrical circuit, you will be able to increase voltage in the load.

9. Superconductivity will be obtained in some materials if the temperature is very low and close to absolute zero.

10. Unless the temperature rises, the speed of the molecules will not increase.

11. If the method proposed is suitable for us we’ll use it in our experiment.

12. The electron pressure at one electrode is higher than that at the other, so that unless two electrodes are connected by a wire, electrons will not flow through that wire from one electrode to the other.

13. If mankind continue to emit greenhouse gases, the global warming will be unavoidable.

14. If the potential difference becomes great enough, the electrons will jump through the air forming an electric spark.

15. The energy yield will remarkably increase if new equipment is installed at the thermoelectric power station.

16. If a user has a break from the computer from time to time, he will not get tired.

17. Unless you work harder, you won't do this difficult experiment.

18. If you study the types of radio waves, you will know them to be long, medium and short.

19. If it snows on Saturday, we won't do our experiment.

20. If scientists find methods of using solar enegy, many problems will be solved.

21. If the wire is broken, there will be no current in the circuit

22. Unless a drop size is very small, the micelles (мицеллы) will initiate the polymerization.

23. If there is fuel shortage, the thermal power station will not be able to generate electricity.

24. If the wire is broken, there will be no current in the circuit

25. If there is fuel shortage, the thermal power station will not be able to generate electricity.

26. If characteristics obtained are not acceptable, I will repeat the experiment with this filter.

27. Any electric device will stop operating, if there is no current in the circuit.

28. If a short circuit occurs, the generator will be put out of action.

29. Unless monochloride is sufficiently diluted, it cannot yield disulfide.

30. If you take a post-graduate course, you will have to work very hard.

31. If you use advanced technologies, your profit will be higher.

32. If ordinary gases are greatly compressed they will become liquids.

Придаточные предложения условия.

Сослагательное наклонение (Present and Future)

Example. If a metal were exposed to the action of the air (oxygen), the resulting rust (its oxide) would be heavier than the metal. – Если бы металл подвергли воздействию воздуха (кислорода), то получившаяся в результате ржавчина была бы тяжелее, чем металл.

Task. Translate the following sentences into Russian

1. If white cast iron were slowly cooled in the molds, it would have a structure of a ferrite and freee carbon in the form of graphite.

2. If the operator allowed the blast to continue, the converter would eventually contain nothing but iron oxide and slag.

3. Not only is oxygen the most abundant element, but it is the most useful and necessary, for unless there were no oxygen, life, heat and light would be impossible.

4. If fitting shops were not supplied with vices, how would wokers clamp workpieces.

5. If you observed all the rules of operating this machine, you would increase its productivity.

6. If a furnace process (процесс горения в печи) were thermally 100 per cent efficient, all the heat available as calorific power in the fuel (всё тепло, определяемое теплотворной способностью топлива) would be utilized in the process.

7. If the protective equipment were bad, there would be a lot of accidents.

8. If we continued to use solid fuel instead of gas, the losses would be much higher.

9. The microscope would find an entirely new set of grains if the specimen were examined above 910° C.

10. If you didn't know the basic principles of this physics theory, you wouldn't pass the exams to enter our institute.

11. If we had an ammeter, we would be able to measure current

12. If we had a better boiler, we would be able to produce more steam.

13. If the equipment met our requirements, we'd buy it immediately.

14. If the temperature changed frequently, thermal stresses would cause the pipeline breaking.

15. If all the electrical devices were properly insulated, there would be no accidents in the factory.

16. If we received new equipment, we would have to change the standard operational and maintenance procedures.

17. If he made all the drawings in time, the company would get a higher profit from that order.

18. If we reduced emissions of the greenhouse gases, the atmosphere might (would) become cleaner.

19. If the turbines and boilers didn't meet our requirements, we wouldn't buy them.

20. If the turbine efficiency were higher, we should save fuel and money.

21. If I were you, I shouldn't become an engineer.

22. If we used computers from morning till evening, we should hurt our sight

23. They would refuse to buy the tools, if they weren't satisfied with the quality

of them.

24. If the generator were broken, the power station wouldn't be able to supply electrical power to its consumers.

25. If they (he) were in Moscow next week, they (he) would come to our plant

26. He put the new device away lest this engineer should take it.

27. If the current in the winding were lower, the results of the experiment would be wrong.

28. Unless the engineers solved the disposal problem, nuclear energy wouldn't become a widespread source.

29. My friend would help me tomorrow, if he hadn't negotiations.

30. The engineer demanded that the test (should) be repeated.

31. If there were no potential difference between two points of a circuit, there could (would) be no current between them.

32. If extreme temperatures generated by atmospheric friction were not so high, hypersonic craft would not require complicated cooling measures.

33. The heat-treating principles usually require that metal (should) be heated to a high temperature, cooled at a controlled rate, and later reheated.

34. If the satellite speed is less than necessary, it will go down from the orbit and enter the atmosphere.

35. Space flights would be impossible, unless special materials for space vehicles were produced.

36. If the cast iron were cooled relatively fast or chilled in the molds, a structure consisting of martensite and cementite could be formed resulting in harder and more wear resisting casting.

37. It is important that the metal( should) be heated to the forging temperature.

38. With heat generated by friction of the air on aircraft surface, the temperature inside the cabin would increase to almost 1,000° C, unless it were cooled by mechanical means.

39. If the cast iron were cooled relatively fast or chilled in the molds, a structure consisting of martesite(мартенсит) and cementite could be formed resulting in a harder and more wear resisting casting

Придаточные предложения условия. Сослагательное наклонение (Past)

Example. If you had re-equipped the shop last year, you would have increased the output of your production. – Если бы вы переоборудовали цех в прошлом году, вы бы увеличили выпуск продукции..

Task. Translate the following sentences into Russian.

1. The new operator would not have broken this device, if you had instructed him how to operate it.

2. If the jaws of parallel vices had not been of low strength, the papallel vices would have found greater application in industry.

3. If we had used natural gas instead of coal, the efficiency of the turbine would have been higher.

4. If the wires had been insulated, the short circuit wouldn' t have happened.

5. If you had sent us the samples in time, we could have started our tests some days ago.

6. If they could have seen the machines in operation, then they would have got a better idea of the design.

7. If we had compressed the gas, it would have become liquid in high pressure conditions.

8. We should have increased our deliveries last year, if we hadn't begun the great reconstruction.

9. If they had examined all the devices more attentively, they might have noticed all alternations made by engineers.

10. If the people of the past had known that the lightening was a discharge of electricity, they would have been surprised greatly.

11. If we had had more time, we should have considered all the suggestions.

12. If they had doubled the number of tools they wanted to buy, we should have given them 2% discount.

13. If you had used a platinum thermocouple instead of a copper thermocouple, the control system would have been much more expensive.

14. Unless there has been contacts between different countries, people wouldn't have known much about each other.

15. If computers had not been worked out, many important problems might not have been solved.

16. If they had repaired the device quickly, they would (could) have renewed their researches.

17. Unless he had been so lazy at school, he would have entered the Institute.

18. I would (should) have bought more books, provided I had had more money

19. If we had had an ammeter at the last laboratory work, we would have been able to measure current in the circuit as well.

20. If we had had advanced equipment, we would have been able to get a higher profit.

21. If the worker had kept all the safety rules, he wouldn't have been injured.

22. Provided the circuit had been broken, there would have been no current in it.

23. If the scientists hadn't built the steam train in 1829, we should have had horses till now.

24. If we had known the voltage and the resistance in the electric circuit, we would have calculated the current.

25. If you had placed a floppy-disk near a magnet you would have lost your data.

26. If we had been able to use superconductivity in our earlier developed specimen, we would have got better results.

27. If supercomputers had not been used for thermodynamic calculations, designers would have spent all their lives on computations.

28. If their dreams had been realized and such a craft had been constructed, mankind would have known about the secrets of ocean much earlier.

29. If fire-arms had not been invented, the secret of Damascous steel would not have been lost.

30. If the resistors had been connected in parallel, the voltage would have been equal in all the branches of the circuit.

31. If there had been a condenser in the circuit, direct current wouldn't have passed through it

32. It would have been impossible to sent satellites into orbit, unless Newton’s laws of motion had been studied.