Проектная деятельность"День науки"Щербинина Е,М."Театры"2018

Pageant Wagons arriving in Brussels for a festival of theatre and performance.

Many new theatre’s were built using the this design. The most famous was The Globe.

However, there was one theatre that was built indoors in Blackfriars. This attracted a very up-market crowd.

• London, 1616.
• The South Bank was outside the control of the city, so a number of different theatres opened as they were beyond the control of the cities authorities.

• In the late 16th century theatres were popular with everyone and their audiences had a voracious appetite for new plays. New companies flourished and writers were employed to satisfy the demand for novelty.

Richard Burbage has been called the first great English actor. He was the leading player in Shakespeare’s company, the Chamberlain’s Men, which later became the King's Men. Burbage created many of the leading roles in Shakespeare's plays. He specialised in tragic roles and was the first Hamlet, King Lear, Othello and, as here, the first Richard III.

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• Inigo Jones introduced the proscenium arch and moveable scenery arranged in perspective into British theatre.
• Inigo Jones’s scenery used a series of shutters that slid in and out using grooves in the floor. He even flew in scenery from above and introduced coloured lighting by placing candles behind tinted glass.

• In 1642 civil war broke out in England and theatres were closed to prevent public disorder. The theatres remained closed for 18 years.

• The Tempest

• Charles II had a taste for the drama and opera he had seen in exile in France. He encouraged

• the introduction of women on stage, thus breaking with the tradition of boy actors taking female roles. the introduction of moveable perspective scenery which revolutionised staging and the design of theatre buildings. he also licensed two venues for performance; Lincoln’s Inn Fields and Drury Lane, these became known as the Patent Theatres. he permitted a wide-ranging repertory: tragedies, comedies, plays, opera, musical theatre and dancing.
• the introduction of women on stage, thus breaking with the tradition of boy actors taking female roles.
• the introduction of moveable perspective scenery which revolutionised staging and the design of theatre buildings.
• he also licensed two venues for performance; Lincoln’s Inn Fields and Drury Lane, these became known as the Patent Theatres.
• he permitted a wide-ranging repertory: tragedies, comedies, plays, opera, musical theatre and dancing.

• Other notable actresses included Elizabeth Barry who was known as the queen of tragedy. She was trained for the stage by the notorious womaniser the Earl of Rochester, who was also her lover.
• The most infamous actress of this period was Nell Gwyn, who was painted nude for Charles II and bore him two children.

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• One of the most successful shows on the London Stage in the early part of the 18th century was the ballad opera The Beggars Opera John Gay recycled popular songs of the day and wrote new lyrics that were humorous and satirical.

Fill Every Glass

Turtle Dove

• Garrick is one of Britain’s greatest actors and the first to be called a star.
• Garrick changed the whole style of acting. He rejected the fashion for declamation, where actors would strike a pose and speak their lines formally. Garrick preferred a more easy, natural manner of speech and movement. The effect was a more subtle, less mannered style of acting and a move towards realism .

• The Act restricted the production of plays to the two Patent Theatres and tightened up the censorship of drama, stating that the Lord Chamberlain with his Examiners of Plays must vet any script before a performance was allowed.
• The Act was put in place by Prime Minister Robert Walpole who was concerned that political satire on the stage was undermining him and the authority of the government.

• In 1843 the Patent Act was dropped, enabling other theatres to present drama. However, the Lord Chamberlain’s censorship of plays remained in place until 1968. One of the last play to be censored was Edward Bond’s production of Saved in 1965.