Проектно-исследовательская работа«What Are The Differences Between Northern Ireland And The Republic Of Ireland?»

Муниципальное бюджетное общеобразовательное учреждение

средняя общеобразовательная школа № 2 р. п. Хор

муниципального района имени Лазо Хабаровского края

конкурс проектов «What a Wonderful World » английский язык Проектно-исследовательская работа «Страна удивительных открытий»

ИРЛАНДИЯ

«What Are The Differences Between Northern Ireland And The Republic Of Ireland?»

IRELAND

Northern Ireland

Авторы:

Пенясов Кирилл Алексеевич

Климова Мария Владимировна

Щусь Валерия Игоревна

Удодов Павел Андреевич

Руководитель:

Корольчук Наталья Борисовна

(учитель английского языка)

2025 г.

р.п. Хор

Content

Capitals of Northern Ireland and Ireland

The Symbols of Ireland and Northen Ireland

The Shamrock

Celtic cross and Brigid’s Cross, Claddagh Ring Celtic harp

Irеland famous for…

The Newgrage

Irish Castles and nature

Irish dishes

Inventions and famous people of Ireland

Literature of Ireland

St.Patrick`s Day

Resources

«Many people are confused about  Ireland vs Northern Ireland . We often get asked, “what is the difference between Ireland and Northern Ireland?”. Is there a difference? Are they not one and the same? They are not and, to help clarify things for you, here is an explanation as to why there is a difference and what exactly the differences are between the two.» The accents in both countries are also very different. The accent in Northern Ireland has influences from the Republic, Scotland and England and is noticeably different from accents of the south.

The counties of Ireland and Northern Ireland total 32. Ireland has 26 counties while there are 6 in Northern Ireland.

The capital of Northern Ireland and Ireland

As already discussed the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland are two separate countries. The capital of Northern Ireland is Belfast, while the capital of Ireland is Dublin. Both have international airports and good public transport systems within the cities, making them popular with tourists.

Population in Belfast is about 267,500

Dublin had a population of 1,501,500

It is the capital and main port of Northern Irelan d, located on the banks of the Lagan River and connected to the open sea by Belfast Lough Bay and the Northern Strait. It is the second largest city on the island of Ireland (after Dublin), with an estimated population of 348,005 in 2022 and 671,559 in the metropolitan area.

is the capital of Ireland . On a bay at the mouth of the River Liffey, it is in the province Leinster, bordered on the south by the Dublin Mountains, a part of the Wicklow Mountains range. At the 2022 census, the city council area had a population of 592,713, while Dublin and its suburbs had a population of 1,263,219, and County

Ireland and Northern Ireland have different currencies. Head of State is the British monarch (currently Queen Elizabeth), although executive authority is vested in the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom. There is also a devolved administration headed by the joint office of the First and Deputy First Ministers. There are approximately 2 million people living in Northern Ireland.

Northern Ireland and Ireland

Northern Ireland lies in the northeast of the island of Ireland, covering 5,459 square miles (14,139 km²), about a sixth of the island's total area.

Northern Ireland is the second most sparsely populated part of the UK after Scotland, with 317 people per square mile (122 per square km). Northern Ireland rightfully deserves the title of the most unique administrative unit in the United Kingdom. It is a part of the once unified country of Ireland located on the eponymous island, but now governed by the laws of the United Kingdom. This situation arose historically. In the 1920s, Ireland experienced a split, and the country was divided into two parts — Northern and Southern. Soon, the Southern part gained the status of the Irish Free State, while the Northern part remained part of the United Kingdom.

The Republic of Ireland takes up the larger part of the island of Ireland. The island is bounded by the Atlantic Ocean in the south, west and north and is separated from Great Britain by the Irish Sea. Its total area is 84,000sq. km. One-sixth of its territory is a part of the UK called Northern Ireland.

As mentioned, the main difference between Ireland and Northern Ireland is that they are   two separate countries . The Republic of Ireland, often just denoted as Ireland, is an independent sovereign state, while Northern Ireland has been a part of the United Kingdom since the 3 rd  of May 1921. As for languages, English is the official language of Northern Ireland, while the Republic of Ireland has two, English and Gaeilge (Irish). 

The Symbols of Northern Ireland

Each country has its own flag. The  flags  of Ireland and Northern Ireland are very different. The flag of the Republic of Ireland is the Tricolour of green, white and orange. The official Northern Ireland flag is the Union Jack of Great Britain.

The flag of Northern Ireland (Ulster Banner) was officially used from 1953 to 1973.The Union Jack is also widely used in Northern Ireland and has been the flag of the United Kingdom since 1801.

The coat of arms was designed by Major Sir Neville Wilkinson, Ulster's herbologist, at Dublin Castle in 1923. In January 1924, Major Wilkinson held talks with Northern Irish officials in London about the coat of arms.

The  Red Hand of Ulster  is a symbol used in  to denote the Irish heraldry province of Ulster and the Northern Uí Néill in particular. Red Hand Day aims to call for action to stop this practice, and support children affected by it

National flag of Northern Ireland consists of the St. George Cross inside which a white six-pointed star and a red hand. Above the star is a crown.

The Symbols of Ireland

The Shamrock is the national emblem of Northern Ireland and Ireland

St. Patrick's Day is celebrated in Ireland and several other Catholic countries on March 17. One of the main attributes of this holiday is clover. The shamrock is depicted on everything from faces to cars. The fact is that St. Patrick came from Gaul to Ireland to preach Christianity back in 432.

The Celtic Tree of Life is a sacred oak tree and another unofficial symbol of Ireland which signifies the creation of harmony and balance brought about by the combination of the forces of nature.

Celtic cross

The history of Celtic Cross goes back to Middles Ages and it predates Christianity. It also has different versions of its origin.

Some said that the cross originated from  St. Patrick when he was trying to convert the pagans in Ireland to Christianity.

Others claimed that it started with

  St. Declan or St. Columba.

Another theory is that it came from Scotland and it might have inspired St. John to bring it to Ireland or Scotland got it from Ireland.

The island of Ireland is a mostly Christian island in terms of religion. The Republic of Ireland is a predominantly Catholic country. However, Northern Ireland has a higher proportion of Protestant Christians.

Brigid’s Cross

Brigid’s Cross is a small cross typically woven from rushes, with four arms and a square in the middle of the arms. It’s widely recognized as a Christian symbol and closely associated with Brigid of the Tuatha de Danaan who, in Irish mythology, was a life-giving goddess.

Claddagh Ring

Claddagh Ring A traditional piece of Irish jewelry,  the Claddagh ring  belongs to the family of ‘fede rings’, dated from Roman times. It features three elements which each have their own symbolism:  the heart , the crown and the hands. The heart symbolizes timeless love whereas the crown stands for loyalty and the hands are symbolic of friendship. .

Celtic harp

The Celtic harp is a triangular frame harp traditional to the Celtic nations of northwest Europe. It is known as cláirseach in Irish, clàrsach in Scottish Gaelic, telenn in Breton and telyn in Welsh. In Ireland and Scotland, it was a wire-strung instrument requiring great skill and long practice to play, and was associated with the Gaelic ruling class.

Ireland is famous for…

The Giant's Causeway myth or reality

The Giant's Causeway, situated on the North East coast of Northern Ireland, is an area of about 40,000 interlocking basalt columns, the result of an ancient volcanic eruption.

Most of the basalt columns are hexagonal in shape.

The Newgrange

Newgrange was built by Stone Age farmers, the mound is 85m (279ft) in diameter and 13m (43ft) high, an area of about 1 acre. A passage measuring 19m (62ft) leads into a chamber with 3 alcoves. The passage and chamber are aligned with the rising sun on the mornings around the Winter Solstice. Newgrange was constructed about 5,200 years ago (3,200 B.C.) which makes it older than Stonehenge and the Great Pyramids of Giza. The mound is ringed by 97 large kerbstones, some of which are engraved with symbols called megalithic art; the most striking is the entrance stone.

Castles

Ireland аnd Northern Ireland have some of the fines castles on the island.

The earliest are from Norman times, but fortified homes continued to be built the 17 th century.

Nature

Ireland аnd Northern Ireland are located on the island surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, the Irish and Celtic seas. The coast of Ireland is one of the most picturesque in the world due to spectacular rocky shores and emerald valleys. Rocky coasts change for a flat terrain in the depths of the country, where several large national parks are under the protection of the state . 

Irish dishes

Colcannon is a classic comforting mixture of creamy mashed potatoes, butter and cabbage that is flavoured with spring onions.

Champ are staple dishes in an Irish household during winter. Champ it has more flavoring added such as milk and butter.

Boxty is a traditional Irish 

potato pancake.

When thinking about traditional Irish food, many people tend to think of bland, boring, unseasoned dishes consisting mainly of potatoes. Those people would be only half right. Typical Irish dishes rely heavily on ingredients such as potatoes, meat, vegetables and bread; but the arrangement can make each meal incredibly hearty, comforting and filling.

Inventions and famous people of Ireland

The Titanic Belfast

Thomas Andrews built the Titanic. Thomas Andrews Jr. (7 February 1873 – 15 April 1912) was a British businessman and shipbuilder, who was managing director and head of the drafting department of the shipbuilding company Harland and Wolff in Belfast, Ireland. He was the naval architect in charge of the plans for the ocean liner Titanic and perished along with more than 1,500 people when the ship sank on her maiden voyage.

Pierce Brosnan Brosnan is an actor. Better known as James Bond . Pierce Brosnan Brosnan is an actor. (born 16 May 1953) is an Irish[actor and film producer. He was the fifth actor to play the fictional secret agent James Bond in the James Bond film series

Literature and authors of Ireland

Oscar Wilde was an Irish playwright, poet, and writer who is best known for his plays. He wrote the novel “ The Picture of Dorian Gray ” which is a classic of Victorian literature and explores themes of youth, beauty, and morality.

Jonathan Swift was an Irish writer who is best known for his satirical novels “ Gulliver’s Travels ” Swift was born in 1667, he was a prominent figure in 18th century literature and was known for his wit, humor, and political commentary.

National clothes of Ireland and Northern Ireland

Traditional  Irish clothing  is the traditional attire which would have been worn historically by Irish people in Ireland. During the 16th-century Tudor conquest of Ireland, the Dublin Castle administration prohibited many of Ireland’s clothing traditions

Saint Patrick’s Day

Saint Patrick's feast day , as a kind of national day, was already being celebrated by the Irish in Europe in the ninth and tenth centuries. In later times he became more and more widely known as the patron of Ireland .

Conclusion

On Easter Sunday in 1916, a group of Republicans took the General Post Office in Dublin, led by Pádraig Pearse, who declared Ireland a republic. After 6 days of fighting, the Republicans surrendered and they were taken to Kilmainham Goal where 15 of them were executed. Support for Republicans grew swiftly following this event.

To understand why Ireland and Northern Ireland are separate countries, you need to delve into the history books some what and go Ireland conflict of modern ck over 800 years ago. This history give

s an insight into the division a

nd the Ireland/ Northern times. Northern Ireland is a home country or region of the United Kingdom but the Republic of Ireland is not part of the UK. It is an independent country. These two countries have a lot of same and different.

Resources

Ощепкова, В.В. Книга для чтения / В.В. Ощепкова, И.И. Шустилова. – М.: Просвещение,1993. Кауфман К. И. «Страницы Британской истории»М: Просвещение, 1997 г. Голицинский Ю. Г. «Великобритания» Титул, 2004 г. Кауфман К. И. Кауфман М. Ю. «Счастливый английский» Титул, 2004 г. Пособие по английскому языку для внеаудиторных занятий. Цесарский Л.Д. М.: Изд-во «Высшая школа», 1976. Страны Соединенного Королевства: лингвострановедческий справочник / сост. Г.Д. Томахин – М.: Просвещение,2001.

Ireland

Heartsome Ireland, winsome Ireland,

Charmer of the sun and sea,

Bright beguiler of old anguish,

How could Famine frown on thee?

As our Gulf-Stream, drawn to thee-ward,

Turns him from his northward flow,

And our wintry western headlands

Send thee summer from their snow,

Thus the main and cordial current

Of our love sets over sea, —

Tender, comely, valiant Ireland,

Songful, soulful, sorrowful Ireland, —

Streaming warm to comfort thee.

Written for the Art Autograph during the Irish Famine, 1880.

Sidney Lanier

Thank you for attention!