The Past Perfect Tense

The Past Perfect Tense

Прошедшее совершенное время

Действие

• уже завершилось до начала другого, произошедшего в прошлом действия;
• уже совершилось до определенного момента в прошлом, который либо указан обстоятельством времени, либо контекстом.

Образование

had V 3 / V ed

при помощи вспомогательного глагола to have в прошедшем времени ( had) и причастия прошедшего времени смыслового глагола

Example

• I called Jim too late, he had already left . Я позвонил Джиму слишком поздно, он уже ушел.
• We had lived in Paris for 12 years before we moved to America. До переезда в Америку мы прожили в Париже 12 лет.

Слова-указатели

• By that time (к тому времени)
• By 5 p.m. (к 5 часам дня)
• By Wednesday (к среде)
• Before the party (до праздника)
• When I came (когда я пришел…)
• When he phoned (когда он позвонил …)
• Before the concert began (до начала концерта…)

Отрицательная форма had not V 3 = hadn’t V 3

Matilda had not (hadn’t) finished reading the book by 9 o'clock.

Матильда не закончила читать книгу к девяти часам.

I knew that they had not ( hadn't ) seen each other for many years.

Я знал, что они не видели друг друга много лет.

Вопросительная форма had подлежащее V 3 ?

• Had the pupils learnt the words by Monday?
• What had she translated before I phoned?
• What had Liz bought before the concert?

Mix and Match. Translate.

When I turned on the TV

I hadn’t seen him before.

I bought him a camera

I had left the door open.

It was nice to see Richard again

the program had already started.

When I got home I realized

I had a huge lunch.

I wasn’t hungry in the evening

but he already got one.

Check the answers

When I turned on the TV

the program had already started.

I bought him a camera

but he already got one.

It was nice to see Richard again

I hadn’t seen him before.

When I got home I realized

I had left the door open.

I wasn’t hungry in the evening

I had a huge lunch.

Match the questions and answers

Did she go to the cinema with you?

No, I had spent too much on the dress.

Was she still waiting for you?

She’d been in the university.

Where had Helen been all day long?

No, she had already seen this film.

Did you buy the shoes?

No, I was late so she had already gone home.

Check the answers

Did she go to the cinema with you?

No, she had already seen this film.

Was she still waiting for you?

No, I was late so she had already gone home.

Where had Helen been all day long?

She’d been in the university.

Did you buy the shoes?

No, I had spent too much on the dress.