Трудная судьба буквы Ё

the theme of the project:

Uneasy destiny

of the letter «Ё»

The aim of the work:

to study the position of the letter Ё and its value in the

modern Russian language.

We put the number of tasks:

1) to study the history of the origin of the letter Ё in the Russian alphabet;

2) to reveal the consequences of the optional usage of the letter Ё;

3) to study the main difficulties connected with the optional

usage of the letter Ё

4) to study the attitude of people to the letter Ё.

The relevance of the chosen topic :

Unfortunately, the letter “Ё” remains optional, that causes difficulties in the

reading and understanding of some words and expressions, that can’t but be

reflected in the documents. We decided to examine this language phenomenon.

This is where we see the relevance of the chosen topic .

History.

November 29 –

birthday of the letter E

Ekaterina Dashkova at the meeting of the Academy of Russian literature proposed to replace the designation of the sound " io "in the alphabet with a new letter" E " with two dots on top. So was born a new letter-the letter " Ё»

N. Karamzin.

  For a long time, the use of the letter «Ё" in a speech was considered vulgar. The historian N. Karamzin changed his attitude towards her. Thanks to him, this letter became widely known, as Karamzin N. was the first to use the letter Ё in a printed publication.

The Bolsheviks, having come to power, made changes to the

alphabet: the dots above the “E” in order to simplify typing were gone in most words. Although formally «Ё» no one forbade.

For a while, the situation was changed by I. V. Stalin.

• On December 24, 1942, a decree was issued requiring the use of the letter Ё everywhere, from school textbooks to the newspaper «Pravda».

But the Orthographic Rules of 1956 the letter Ё was again transferred to the category of "optional."

The position of «Ё» in the modern Russian language.

According to the “Rules of Russian spelling and punctuation,” in force since 1956, “the letter“ Ё ”is written in the following cases:

• when it is necessary to prevent incorrect reading

and understanding of the word, for example: we recognize, as opposed to we learn;

• when it is necessary to indicate the pronunciation of a little-known word, for example: the Olёkma river.

• in special texts: school textbooks of the Russian language, textbooks of orthoepy, etc., as well as in dictionaries for indicating the place of stress and correct pronunciation.

In other cases, you can write as «ё», and "e".

That is, the use of the letter «Ё» remains optional.

The consequences of the optional use of the letter «Ё»

At first, the sound of many words was distorted, since the letter “ё” indicated the correct placement of stresses.

Compare:

Кёнигсберг is often pronounced Кенигсберг.

The pronunciation of many Russian and foreign surnames was distorted. (such distortions sometimes lead to legal proceedings)

For example:

Рёнтген-Рентген, Фрёйд-Фрейд,

Secondly, the letter "e" now sounds where this letter never existed.

Compare:

  "scam (norm) - swindle", "maneuver - maneuver" (variable stress now)

3. Thirdly, the letters «ё» and "e" very often change the grammatical meaning of a word.

Compare:

  «all – everything».

4. In the fourth, the replacement of one letter with another leads to a change in the meaning of the word.

Compare:

"sky" - "palate"

The letter "Ё" in identity documents .

What to do?

It is necessary to refer to

  Letter dated October 1, 2012 Number IR - 829/08 "On the spelling of the letters" e "and" ё "in official documents." Complicated cases are dealt with in court.

  The Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation reports that the judicial practice in this case is based on the fact that, based on the above rules, the spelling of the letters “e” and “ё” is equal.

Attitude to the letter «Ё »

  Attitude to the letter "Ё" was initially ambiguous.

  "FOR" were:

Karamzin

Fonvizin

Derzhavin

Solzhenitsyn

They considered it an independent letter.

"Against"

They thought it was uneconomical and interfered with reading.

Lomonosov

Sumarokov

Trediakovsky

Questioning students and teachers "Lyceum Istok ".

We conducted a survey in order to find out whether the letter “Ё” is needed in the modern Russian alphabet. They invited participants to answer a few questions.

1. How do you think, is it necessary to use in writing Ё and in the print?

2. Do you always use in writing the letter Ё?

3. Have you encountered the use of the letter Ё in the media?

4. In general, the attitude to the letter Ё.

5. What help would you personally use the letter Ё?

Как вы считаете, обязательно ли употреблять на письме и в печати букву Ё?

Всегда ли вы сами употребляете букву Ё на письме?

Встречали ли вы употребление буквы Ё в средствах массовой информации?

В целом отношение к букве Ё.

Вывод

Conclusion

the letter Ё helps:

• better understand the meaning of the text

• facilitates work with documents

• correctly emphasize the word

  The letter Ё is very important in different areas of life.

MONUMENTS the LETTER Ё

Monument in Perm

Monument in Chuvashia