Великий русский ученый Попов А.С.

The invention of radio by A. S. Popov

In Russia one of the first began to study the electromagnetic waves teacher officer courses in Kronstadt Alexander Stepanovich Popov.

Starting with playback experiments of Hertz, he then used a more reliable and sensitive method of registration of electromagnetic waves .

Popov's Coherer

As a part of that “sense” electromagnetic waves, A. S. Popov used a coherer (from lat. “coherence - coupling”). This device is a glass tube with two electrodes. The tube is placed a small metal filings. The device is based on the influence of electrical discharges on the metal powders. Under normal conditions, the coherer has a high resistance, as shavings have a poor contact with each other.

Fire relay, the bell would go off, and the coherer received the “light shake”, the adhesion between the metal sawdust weakened, and they were ready to accept the next signal .

Scheme and appearance of the radio A. S. Popov made by him.

To increase the sensitivity of the apparatus, A. S. Popov one of the conclusions of the coherer was grounded, and the other was attached to a highly elevated piece of wire, creating a first receiving antenna for wireless communication. Grounding transforms the conductive surface of the earth in the open oscillating circuit , which increases reception range .

• 7th may 1895. at the meeting of the Russian physico-chemical society in St. Petersburg as .Popov demonstrated his device, which were, in fact, the world's first radio. May 7 was the birthday of the radio. Now it is celebrated annually in our country. Popov continues to improve the receiving equipment. It had as its immediate task is to build a device to transmit signals over long distances.

A. With .Popov demonstrates the action your device

Initially, radio communications were installed at a distance of 250 m. working Tirelessly on his invention, the clergy soon obtained in the communication range more than 600 m. Then on maneuvers in the black sea fleet in 1899. scientist have established radio contact at a distance of over 20km, and in 1901. the radio range was already 150km. An important role was played by the new design of the transmitter.

Continuing experiments to improve and develop the devices, Popov slowly but surely increased the range of radio communications. 5 years after the construction of the first receiver began to operate a regular line of wireless at a distance of 40 km thanks to the telegram transmitted on this line in the winter of 1900. icebreaker “Ermak” was removed from the ice fishermen, which the storm swept into the sea . Radio, which started its practical history to save people, has become a new progressive form of communication of the XX century.

G. Marconi from his transceiver station

• May 7 - radio Day may 7, 1895. at the meeting of the Russian physico-chemical society in St. Petersburg, Popov demonstrated his device, which were, in fact, the world's first radio. May 7 was the birthday of the radio. Now it is celebrated annually in our country.

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