Британия в средние века

Britain in the Middle Ages

Lady Godiva is a painting by English artist John Collier

an English noblewoman who, according to a legend dating at least to the 13th century, rode naked – covered only in her long hair – through the streets of Coventry to gain a remission of the oppressive taxation that her husband imposed on his tenants. The name "Peeping Tom" for a voyeur originates from later versions of this legend in which a man named Thomas watched her ride and was struck blind or dead.

The Hundred Years' War 1337 - 1453

• fought between France and England during the late Middle Ages.
• lasted 116 years

Clockwise, from top left:

The Battle of La Rochelle,

The Battle of Agincourt,

The Battle of Patay,

Joan of Arc at the Siege of Orléans

The Black Death 1347 - 1351

was a pandemic (an epidemic spreading over a large area) resulting in several forms of plague, that killed millions of people. Almost one out of every three people in Europe got the disease and died. This means about 25 million people (30–60% of Europe's total population) died from it in Europe alone.

„ Doktor of Rome“ Artwork of Paulus Fürst clothing doctors in Rome wanted 1656. With such to protect themselves from getting the Black Death

Peasants' Revolt 30 May 1381 – November 1381

Wat Tyler's Rebellion

The causes

• epidemic of the Black Death , 1347 - 1353.
• economic problems .
• the English crown raised taxes ,
• The central government in London was weak at the time

Result : Suppression of revolt and execution of rebel leaders

The institution of serfdom declined after 1381 and vanished d uring the 15th century

Richard II meets the rebels of the Peasants' Revolt in a painting from Froissart's Chronicles .

The revolt was not only about money. The peasants sought liberty - an end to serfdom - and other social reforms

Commanders and leaders

Wat Tyler

John Ball, "the mad priest of Kent,"

John Wrawe

William Grindecobbe

On 15 June 1381, Tyler met with King Richard II outside London. There, Tyler spoke personally with the king and put forward his demands. According to a contemporary chronicler, Tyler acted contemptuously and rudely. Sir John Newton (a servant of the king) insulted Tyler by calling him 'the greatest thief and robber in all Kent'. Tyler attacked Newton, but was arrested by the Lord Mayor of London, William Walworth. Tyler then attempted to stab the mayor, and another of the king's servants, stabbed Tyler again, severely wounding him. Tyler was taken to a hospital for the poor, but later was publicly decapitated.John Ball was hanged, drawn and quartered. Their heads were displayed stuck on a pike on London Bridge.

Wars of the Roses 1455 and 1487

• a series of English civil wars for control of the throne of England
• fought between supporters of two English rival branches of the royal House of Plantagenet: the House of Lancaster (associated with a red rose), and the House of York (whose symbol was a white rose).