Определенный и неопределенный артикли

Артикли

‘ A’ или ‘THE’

,

‘ A’ ‘An’

Исчисляемое существительное в единственном числе !

• An orange
• An umbrella
• A table
• A chair
• A tomato
• A cucumber

A’ ‘An’

1) Упоминание в 1-ый раз

• I have got a pen

2) Один предмет из многих

• I read a book at home.

3) Обобщение (один вид из многих)

• A kitten is a young cat.

4) Обороты ‘there is’, ‘there was’

• There is an apple. There was a great film!

5) В названиях профессий

• I’m a student.

‘ The’

1) Вторичное упоминание

• I have got a pen. The pen is red.

2) Уникальный предмет

• The sky is blue. The Earth is round.

3) Все представители видов

• The lion lives in jungles.

4) С музыкальными инструментами

• I play the guitar.

5) С порядковыми числительными

I live on the third floor.

Exercises

• Mary is ……. third daughter.
• I see ……. dog. ……. dog is funny.
• …… . elephant lives in Africa.
• Do you play ……. piano?
• Today ……. sun is bright.
• Ann’s mum is ……. engineer.

7. Can you open ……. window? 8. Can you open ……. window?

Answers

• Mary is the third daughter.
• I see a dog. The dog is funny.

• The elephant lives in Africa.

• Do you play the piano?
• Today the sun is bright.
• Ann’s mum is an engineer.

7. Can you open a window? 8. Can you open the window?

Past Simple: was, were

I as a student I was a student

He is a student

She is a student They were students

You are a student You were a student

You are students You were students

There is a house. There was a house.

There are houses. There were houses.

Past Simple: was, were

Was I a student?

• Yes, I was. / No, I wasn’t

Were you a student?

• Yes, you were. / No, you weren’t

Was she a student?

• Yes, she was. / No, she wasn’t

Were we students?

• Yes, we were. / No, we weren’t

Was there a house?

• Yes, there was. / No, there wasn’t

Past Simple

I arriv ed We arriv ed

He arriv ed

She arriv ed They arriv ed

It arriv ed

You arriv ed You arriv ed

Past Simple

I didn’t arrive We didn’t arrive

He didn’t arrive

She didn’t arrive They didn’t arrive

It didn’t arrive

You didn’t arrive You didn’t arrive

Past Simple

I didn’t arrive We didn’t arrive

He didn’t arrive

She didn’t arrive They didn’t arrive

It didn’t arrive

You didn’t arrive You didn’t arrive

Past Simple

Did I arrive? Did we arrive?

Did he arrive?

Did she arrive? Did they arrive?

Did it arrive?

Did you arrive? Did you arrive?

Past Simple

Did I arrive? Did we arrive?

Did he arrive?

Did she arrive? Did they arrive?

Did it arrive?

Did you arrive? Did you arrive?

The rules of ‘ed’ endings

!

Work - work ed

St o p – stopped Cl i mb climbed

Stud y – stud i ed Pl ay – pl ay ed

Like – liked

Exercises

• Cried
• Stayed
• Loved
• Tidied
• Skipped
• Laughed
• Cooked

• Cry
• Stay
• Love
• Tidy
• Skip
• Laugh
• Cook

The rules of ‘ed’ pronunciation

!

Гласный ‘e’ в окончании ‘ed’ немой мы его не произносим.

Work – work e d

Play – play e d

Исключение – глаголы

оканчивающиеся на

‘ d ‘t’: land ed , edit ed .

The rules of ‘ed’ pronunciation

/ t /

/ t /

• Stopped
• Watched
• Played
• Travelled
• Visi t ed
• En d ed

/ d /

/ d /

/ id /

/ id /

The rules of pronunciation

/ t /

/ t /

• Stopped
• Watched
• Played
• Travelled
• Visited
• Ended

/ d /

/ d /

/ id /

/ id /

Exercises

• / id /
• / t /
• / d /
• / d /
• / t /
• / id /
• / d /

• Edited
• Fixed
• Loved
• Stayed
• Walked
• Knitted
• Phoned

Past simple ?

It’s easy!!!