Основные понятия

GLOSSARY OF PEDAGOGICAL TERMS

Active learning methods – a term often used by training practitioners to refer to problem lectures, role-playing and business games, group discussions, solving situational problems, etc.

Competence – based approach-integrative basis of the model of open distance education, based on the concept of "specialist competence" as a "unit" of measurement of the results of the educational process; justification of the components of competence; the use of specific criteria for assessing their formation, indicating the level of professionalism; building some reasonable levels of competence of all the characteristics of its components. This allows you to set the "ladder" of professional growth of students and build educational programs in accordance with their levels of competence.

Creativity is an activity that results in the creation of objectively or subjectively new material and spiritual values.

The content of education is a pedagogically adapted system of knowledge, skills, experience of creative activity and emotional-value attitude to the world, the assimilation of which ensures the development of personality. Abilities – individual psychological characteristics of the individual, which are a condition for the successful mastery of a particular activity and its productive implementation.

The goal is a conscious subjective image, the idea of a person about the future result of activity, the image of the "required future", which determines the integrity and direction of his actions and actions.

Knowledge is the result of the process of cognition of reality by an individual; its adequate reflection in the human consciousness in the form of representations, concepts, judgments, theories. Zone of proximal development – concept that really available to the student opportunities that may be disclosed and used for its development, with minimal assistance from the training (L. S. Vygotsky); in a broad sense – the future result, still in the making, "tomorrow" in the mental development of man.

Leading activities – activities within and through which mental development occurs, there are important mental tumors. It is assumed that each period of training and education corresponds to its leading activities.

Method (Greek. methodos – a way to anything) –

1) the way to achieve the goal, a certain way of orderly activity. The method as a means of cognition is a way of reproduction in the thinking of the studied object;

2) a way of knowing, the study of the phenomena of nature and social life;

3) a reception system of techniques in any activity.

Pedagogy – (Greek. paidagogike teachne, letters. – child-rearing skills), a branch of science that reveals the essence, laws of education, the role of educational processes in the development of the individual, developing practical ways and ways to improve their effectiveness. The main categories of pedagogy: training, education, upbringing, development.

Plan – normative representation, which indicates the sequence of intermediate and final products.

The principles of training – scientific, problematic, visibility, activity and consciousness, accessibility, consistency, strength, unity of training, development and education.

Project – an image of the future result of activity and the process of its achievement, presented in the form of a model or a complex norm of activity.

Role-playing game (role-playing) is a game form of organization of educational activities of students, the main purpose of which is to train specialists in interpersonal communication and interaction in the conditions of joint professional activity. This is its difference from the business game (they are often mixed), which is equally aimed at the development of subject-technological competence of the future specialist.

Skill – an action in which the individual operations become automated as a result of multiple exercises.

Test – a standardized measurement technique aimed at identifying the hidden properties of the object of interest by one or more short tests (tasks) with maximum information content. Technology is the norm of activity that expresses the process of transforming the object of activity into a product, as well as the ways and means of transformation.

Training – "Joint purposeful activity of the teacher and pupils during which development of the personality, its education and education is carried out»