"Предлоги места и времени"

Предлоги места и времени (at the concert, at night)

Предлоги места:

Запомните следующие выражения с предлогами места:

Предлоги времени:

Обратите внимание, что выражения со словами last, next, this употребляются без предлогов (е отличие от русского языка): в прошлом году — last year в следующем году — next year в этом году — this year

1.Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на перевод предлогов.

1. Last year I went to London.

2. What is there next to you?

3. The lesson will start in a quarter of an hour.

4. She will be back at seven.

5. I haven't seen you for ages.

6. I don't watch TV at night.

7. What happened to him at the end of the film?

8. I can't see you in the photo.

9. Do you stay at home on holidays?

10. I was born on the first of January.

2. Вставьте предлоги "at/in/on."

1. I will come to you November.

2. Do children get presents Christmas?

3. They will build the house 2008.

4. What do you usually do the evening?

5. The lesson is over 11.30.

6. She was born 7 of May.

7. It is very cold winter.

8. How many lessons do you have Friday?

9. Do you play computer games night?

10. He arrived Sunday.

3. Закончите предложения обстоятельствами времени и переведите предложения на русский язык. Возможны несколько вариантов.

1. I usually get up at

2. Will you go to school on ?:

3. I was born in

4. He was born at

5. She was born on

6. classes I go to the swimming pool.

1. They have known you since

2. I have been here for

3. The plane leaves in

10.1 like to travel in

4. Закончите предложения обстоятельствами
места и переведите предложения на русский
язык. Возможны несколько вариантов.

»

1. Can you see the birds in

2. I like swimming in

3. Why are you in ?

4. Why are you at ?

5. Why are you on ?

6. Why are you under ?

7. Ann wasn't at yesterday.

8. This Sunday I will be at

9. What is there in ?

9

10. How many people were there on ___?

5. Вставьте предлоги "at/in/on",
где это необходимо.

1. My Granny can't sleep well night.

2. We stayed a nice hotel.

3. My mother was born 2 of October.

4. We often go to the forest the weekend.

5. We bought a new car last week.

6. Who is the kitchen? — I am. I am having tea with cakes.

1. I wasn't home yesterday.

2. How many people are there the plane?

9. Do you like to watch the Moon night?

10. There is a new theatre the end of my street.

6. Вставьте предлоги "since" или "for". Переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. My aunt and my uncle have been married__ 1998.

1. How long have you been here? — I have been here three o'clock.

1. John has been in hospital May.

1. How long have you been here? — I have been here three hours.

2. We are good friends. We have known each other four years.

6. I'm very tired. I'm going to sleep half an hour.

7. We waited half an hour, but they didn't come.

8. I've lived here I was two years old.

9. I'm going to stay with you two weeks.

10. I'm going away three weeks.

7. Выберите правильный предлог из предло­женных вариантов.

1. My father leaves home eight o'clock, (on, in, at)

2. I swim in the sea every day summer, (from, in, on)

3. Last year we lived the seaside, (in, at, since)

4. Ann's uncle left Canada 1999 and went to Africa. ( in, at, since)

5. Monday I have got two English classes. (on, in, at)

6. He saw his friend board the ship, (on, in, at)

7. Where do you usually go three o'clock? (in, on, at, with)

1. There is a large fire the corner of my bed­room, (with, on, in)

2. I live an old country house, (in, on at)

10. It happened Monday morning, (in, at, on)

Предлоги —существительное + предлог (a map of Italy, invitation to...), прилагательное + предлог (nice of, nice to ...)

К сожалению, употребление большинства анг­лийских предлогов не поддается какому бы то ни было логическому объяснению. Приходится их за­поминать. Сравните английские предлоги с рус­скими, возможно, различия в употреблении помо­гут вам.

Некоторые существительные требуют употреб­ления определенных предлогов:

a key to the house ключ к дому

an answer to the letter ответ на письмо

a road to the centre дорога в центр

a journey to Spain путешествие в Испанию

a monument to Pushkin памятник Пушкину

a letter to my friend письмо другу a letter from my friend письмо от друга

independence from England независимость от Англии

a war/ battle against the enemy война/сражение против врага

a ticket to Moscow билет в Москву

a ticket for the train билет на поезд

fight for peace борьба за мир

fight over a book драка из-за книги

fight between two boys драка между двумя мальчиками

difference between the films различие между фильмами

victory over the enemies победа над врагами

Английский предлог of часто используется для выражения отношений родительного падежа меж­ду двумя существительными:

the beginning of the lesson — начало (чего?) урока

a picture of my family — фотография (кого?) моей семьи

Некоторые прилагательные требуют употребле­ния определенных предлогов:

It was nice/kind/good/ polite/silly/stupid/of you to do it.

Как мило/хорошо веж­ливо/глупо с твоей стороны было сде­лать.

It was nice/kind/good/ polite/ friendly to him. По отношению к не­му это было мило/ хорошо/вежливо/ дру­желюбно.

I was late for the bus. Я опоздала на автобус.

She is always angry with me. Она всегда на меня сердится.

I am bored with the lesson. Мне скучно на уроке.

I'm sorry about the loud music. Мне жаль, что была громкая музыка.

I'm sorry for her. Мне жаль ее.

Nobody is afraid of you. Тебя никто не боится.

We are fond of travelling. Мы очень любим путешествовать.

He is proud of his son. Он гордится своим сыном.

The worlds is full of wonders. Мир полон чудес

Are you tired of wash­ing up? Ты устала мыть посуду?

I'm sure of it. Я в этом уверена

They are good/bad/ex­cellent/at English. У них все хорошо/ плохо/отлично с анг­лийским

These apples are differ­ent from those. Эти яблоки не похожи на те.

Are you dependent from him? Ты зависима от него?

I am independent of my parents. Я независима от роди­телей.

He is famous for his songs. Он известен своими песням

Are you popular with your class? Тебя любят в классе?

I am interested in geography. Меня интересует гео­графия.

The house is made of glass. Дом сделан из стекла.

Russia is rich in gold. Россия богата золотом.

He is devoted to his work. Он предан своей работе.

1. Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на предлоги.

1. I have got two tickets for the Bolshoy Theatre.

2. There is a monument to Lomonosov in Moscow.

3. The King is writing an answer to the Queen's let­ter.

4. London is the capital of Great Britain.

5. It was a fantastic journey to Italy!

6. Have you ever seen a fight between two bro­thers?

1. Max isn't interested in sport.

2. Will you leave me? I'm bored with your story.

1. What is she famous for.

2. What is the USA rich in?

3. Why don't you like him? — I'm afraid of him.

4. I'm fond of playing basketball.

5. The plates were made of silver.

6. Were you sorry for her broken vase?

7. He is very good at languages.

2. Вставьте предлоги.

1. Can you help me to find a key my flat?

2. How was the trip Spain? — Fantastic!

1. On the wall there were some pictures and a m? the world.

1. I can't open this door. Have you got a key

the other door?

1. Look at the picture my daughter.

2. When are you going to write an answer h

letter?

1. Can you show me a road the city centre

2. Who won the war Germany?

3. Yesterday I got a letter my friend Mary.

10. What is the difference these subjects?

11. He's afraid dogs.

12. She' interested music and art.

13. He is devoted music.

1. Are you good playing football?

1. My aunt and uncle are fond travelling.

3. Заполните пропуски прилагательными, дан­ными в рамочке, и необходимыми предлогами.

Interested, tired, different, afraid, devoted

1. I'm ___going to the theatre. I'd like to see all famous actors on the stage.

1. I'm __doing the same thing every day.

2. My ice cream is __your ice cream. I never eat chocolate ice cream.

4. Are you snakes? They aren't dangerous, are they?

5. I love you and I'll be you all my life.

dependent, kind, angry, proud, bored

1. Thank you very much. You've been so ___ me.

2. What has she done wrong? Why are you____ her?

1. Ann isn't happy at school. She is lessons.

2. The old man was her daughter. She was the world chess champion!

5. I have not got my own money. He's his parents.

rich, interested, popular, full, nice

1. It was very ___ you to do my shopping for me. Thanks.

1. The USA is silver and gold.

2. She is not her singing but everybody

loves the way she dances.

1. You look bored. Are you what I'm saying?

2. The letter I wrote was English words.

Polite, angry, sorry, fond, made

6. Are you what happened? — I really didn't mean it, I'm sorry.

7. He said that he was the situation. He didn't do anything wrong.

8. Olga is very her little brother. She loves him and helps him a lot.

9. All the furniture in his house is metal.

10. They didn't answer to my letter. That wasn't ___ them.

4. Ответьте на вопросы письменно.

1. What do you usually think about at the end of your lessons?

1. Have you got keys to your flat in your bag?

2. What monuments have you seen in Moscow?

1. Why do children want to be independent from their parents?

2. Have you ever seen a fight? What did they fight for?

1. Why are you sometimes late for school?

2. What are you bored with? Why?

1. 8. What are you afraid of? Why?

2. What are you fond of? Why?

10. What is your mother proud of? Why?

5. Переведите предложения на английский язык.

to be afraid of, to be devoted to, to be kind of, to be interested in, to be full of, to be fond of

1. Многие люди боятся пауков.

1. Он всегда был предан мне.

2. Как это мило с твоей стороны помочь мне.

3. Ты хочешь посмотреть этот фильм? — Нет, меня он не интересует.'

4. Жизнь первых поселенцев была полна опасностей.

5. Она очень любила слушать истории о великих открытиях.

Предлоги — глагол + предлог (look at, listen to ...) После ряда английских глаголов требуется употребление определенных предлогов, которые образуют устойчивые сочетания:

arrive at the station / the airport — прибывать на станцию / в аэропорт

arrive in Moscow — прибывать в Москву
fight against smb — сражаться против кого-то
fight for smth — сражаться за что-то (ради чего-то)
stay at the hotel — остановиться в гостинице
stay with smb — остановиться у кого-либо
laugh at smb — смеяться над кем-то
look at smb — смотреть на кого-то
shout at smb — кричать на кого-то
smile at smb — улыбаться кому-то
explain to smb — объяснять кому-то
happen to smb — случаться с кем-то
invite smb to a party — приглашать кого-то в гости
listen to smb — слушать кого-то
sing to the music — петь под музыку
speak to smb — говорить с кем-то
talk to smb — разговаривать с кем-то
write to smb — писать кому-то
ask smb for smth — просить что-то у кого-то
cry for help — звать на помощь

leave smth for smth — уезжать откуда-то куда-то

prepare for smth — готовиться к чему-то

thank smb for smth — благодарить кого-то

за что-то wait for smb — ждать кого-то

believe in smth — верить в существование чего-то

take part in smth — принимать участие в чем-то

specialize in smth — специализироваться в чем-то

help about the house — помогать по дому

read about smth — читать о чем-то

talk about smth — говорить о чем-то

tell smb about smth — рассказывать кому-то

о чем-то depend on smth — зависеть от чего-то

perform on the piano — исполнять на пианино

spend money on smth — тратить деньги на что-то

die of smth — умирать от чего-то

take care of smb — заботиться о ком-либо

learn by heart — учить наизусть

protect smb from smb — защищать кого-то от

чего-то rise from smth — вставать с чего

Обратите внимание, что в следующих англий­ских глагольных сочетаниях нет предлогов, а в аналогичных русских сочетаниях есть!

успеть на поезд — to catch a train

опоздать на поезд — to miss a train

пойти в армию — to join the army

вступить в партию — to join the party

охотиться на кого-то — to hunt smb

познакомиться с кем-то — to meet smb

встретиться к кем-то — to meet smb

ходить за покупками — to go shopping

играть на пианино — to play the piano

играть в футбол — to play football

сесть в автобус — to take a bus

1. Переведите предложения на русский язык, обращая внимание на предлоги или же на их отсутствие.

1. They didn't want to listen to me.

2. Have you ever met a famous actor in the park?

3. I'm playing the piano now.

4. Nobody has ever asked me for it.

5. Do you depend on your parents?

6. My father hunts ducks every autumn.

7. He has already joined the army, hasn't he?

8. Can you explain it to me now?

9. What are you laughing at?

1. What is he performing on the piano?

2. It happened to me last year. I saw a ghost.

3. Yesterday she spoke to me about it.

4. Who are you looking at?

5. Have you ever missed a plane?

6. Why do you spend so much money on toys?

2. Вставьте предлоги.

1. Listen ___ this music.

2. What has happened you? You look terrible!

3. Did you talk Jack your problem?

4. Don't go. Wait me.

5. He never thinks his parents.

6. Do you like cartoons? — It depends ___ the cartoon.

1. Thank you very much your help.

2. She asked me good advice.

3. Can I speak Jane, please?

10. Nobody writes letters me.

3. Вставьте "to" или "at", где это необходимо.

1. I never invite him my parties.

2. Look those pictures!

3. Please, don't shout him!

4. Don't listen her!

5. Can I speak Helen, please?

6. Let's hunt wild pigs! .

7. Will you phone me this evening?

8. Don't forget to write a letter me when you are on holidays.

9. I thanked everybody for all the help.

10. I'd like to ask you some questions.

4. Вставьте предлоги, где это необходимо.

1. I asked you an apple but you brought me a banana.

2. We waited John until 2 o'clock but he didn't come.

1. We didn't go shopping last week.

2. She is looking her watch.

3. What hotel are you staying ?

4. He's alone at home. He never talks _____ anybody.

1. He joined the army last spring.

2. They missed the train yesterday.

3. She couldn't play the piano when she was young.

10. They played football at the sport ground yesterday.

5. Ответьте на вопросы письменно.

1. What do you believe in?

2. What does your friend depend on?

3. What does your mother specialize in?

4. What are you thinking about?

5. What are you looking at?

6. Who do you often speak to on the phone?

7. What does your English teacher explain to you most often?

8. What happened to you yesterday?

9. What subject do you prepare for every day?

10. Why do you sometimes laugh at your friends?

6.Переведите предложения на английский язык, используя выражения в рамочках.

to depend on, to hunt, to listen to, to rise form a seat, to take part in, to miss

1. Я всегда могу положиться на него.

2. Боюсь, ты опоздаешь на свой самолет.

3. Англичане любят охотиться на лис.

4. Послушай меня, пожалуйста!

5. Я принимаю участие во всех спортивных со­ревнованиях.

6. Он встал со своего места, и мы смогли прой­ти к своим местам в партере.

to happen to, to talk about, to stay with, to believe in, to shout at, to meet

1. Когда это случилось с тобой?

2. Ты остановишься у меня в следующем году?

3. Я всегда встречаю тебя по пути в школу.

4. Она никогда не кричит на своих учеников.

5. О чем это ты говоришь?

6. Он всегда верил в бога.

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