The Kremlin and Red Square

The Kremlin and the Red Square

автор Макаров А.Д.,

преподаватель истории и английского языка

Тюменского многопрофильного

колледжа, Тюменского индустриального университете

Тюмень, 2018-2025

The Kremlin

The Kremlin and the Red Square are in the center of Moscow.

Ivan Kalita built an oak |əʊk| Kremlin in 1340.

The white stone Kremlin was built by Dmitry Donskoy in 1367.

The Great Prince Ivan the Third began building of the new Kremlin under the direction of the Italian architects .

Иван Васильевич 3

Ivan III Vasilyevich Иван Васильевич 3 was the Grand Prince of Moscow from 1462 to 1505.

The Kremlin has a red brick walls, up to 19 metres in height with 20 towers that surrounds palaces, cathedrals, and other monuments.

The Kremlin is built on Borovitsky Hill Боровицкий холм . The total length of the walls is 2.25 km.

The Troitskaya Tower

Троицкая башня

1499

The tallest of the Kremlin towers.

It was built in 1495-1499 by the Italian architect Aleviz Fryazin Алевиз Фрязин.

You can enter the Kremlin through the Troitsky Gate.

The Kutafya Tower

Кутафья башня

Barbican - the gate tower

Бойницы Кремля

The Kutafya Tower is the smallest. It is less than 14 meters high.

It is a bridge guard |ɡɑːd| tower. It was built in 1516 by the architect from Milan A. Fryazin (Антонио Фрязин).

Боровицкая башня

1490

The Borovitskaya Tower

The gate in the southwestern part of the Moscow Kremlin.

Боровицкая башня

The Borovitsky Gate of the Kremlin is designed for cars.

the Cathedral Square in the Kremlin

Ивановская

площадь

пушка

Успенский собор Кремля

1479

The Uspenskij Cathedral - the main church of Russia, architect Aristotle Fioravanti Аристотель Фиораванти.

Russian tsars entered the throne here .

It was the main cathedral of Russia until 1917.

Monomakh's hat

The Blagoveschensky Cathedral.

1489

Home church of the great princes and Russia tsars.

Благовещенский собор

the Archangelsky Cathedral усыпальница 

the Archangelsky Cathedral.

It was the main necropolis |nəˈkrɑːpəlɪs| of the Tsars of Russia until the relocation of the capital to St. Petersburg.

Архангельский собор

Many cathedrals are used now as museums.

The Bell Tower of Ivan the Great

The Tsar Cannon. It weighs weɪz about 40 tons tʌnz . 1586

It was made by Andrey Chokhov. Андрей Чохов

"Дора" и "Толстый Густав" - эти две ж.д. пушки были построены 1941-42 гг. Из " Доры " по Севастополю было сделано 54 выстрела - попали только одним. Могла стрелять 12 раз в сутки.

Расчет – 250 чел. Персонал - 4.0 тыс.чел. + ПВО. Калибр - 80 см. Взорваны немцами.

On a nearby is the Tsar Bell (nearly 200 tons), one of the largest in the world.

The bell was cast kɑːst by order of Empress ˈemprəs Anna Ioannovna

the Tsar Bell

It was made by Ivan Motorin and his son in 1735.

НАЗВАНИЕ:  Великий затонувший колокол ВЕС:  297 тонны ГОД ОТЛИВКИ:  1484-1487 год МЕСТОНАХОЖДЕНИЕ:   Мьянма (Би́рма)

Самый первый русский танк (колесная боевая машина) Лебеденко. 27 августа 1915 г. были проведены ходовые испытания.

The Tsar Bomb |bɒm|

The Granovitaya Palata Грановитая палата

Архитекторы architects Марк Фрязин  Пьетро Антонио Солари

The Granovitaya Palata was built in 1491.

the Granovitaya Palace

The Great Kremlin Palace

• Konstantin Andreyevich Thon
• 1794 –1881
• His major works include the Cathedral of Christ the Saviour, the Grand Kremlin Palace and the Kremlin Armoury in Moscow.

The Great Kremlin Palace, built in 1849, is the most impressive structure inside the Kremlin.

The Kremlin Armoury ˈɑːmərɪ Оружейная палата

A recent building in to the Kremlin is the Palace of Congresses, completed in 1961.

  falcon |ˈfælkən|  — сокол

RED SQUARE

RED SQUARE

Red Square was founded at the end of the 15th century.

The main Kremlin tower, the Spasskaya Tower.

It was built in 1491 by an Italian architect

Pietro Antonio Solari.

Пьетро Антонио Солари

The famous clock called Kearny.

1852

Kearny was designed by the Danish brothers Butenop.

братья Бутеноп.

The first clock on the tower was designed by the Italian master Antonio Solari.

The Kremlin stars  installed in the 1930s on 5 towers of the Moscow Kremlin ruby glass stars[ˈruːbɪ stɑːz]

Coat |ˈkəʊt|  of arms of the country

St. Basil's Cathedral (Vasily Blazheny Василий Блаженный Church of the Intercession

the Red Square are in the center of Moscow

On October 2, 1552, the Russians captured |ˈkæptʃəd| Kazan

St. Basil's Cathedral (Vasily Blazheny), a masterpiece of Russian architecture was built in 1561 to celebrate Russian victory over Kazan kingdom.

Vasily Blazheny Cathedral stands at one end of Red Square and at the other end there is Historical Museum.

Vassily Blazhenny Cathedral was built in by the architects Barma and Postnik.

The monument to Minin and Pozharsky Минину и Пожарскому is in front of the famous Vasily Blazhenny cathedral.

«To citizen Minin and prince Pozharsky from grateful Russia».

The monument to Minin and Pozharski was designed by Ivan Martos in 1818.

The State History Museum

State History Museum is located on Red Square. 

The museum was founded by order of Alexander II in 1872. The State History Museum has a rich collection of documents, paintings, maps, and other materials.

The Lenin Mausoleum

mɔːzəˈliːəm

Lenin

was buried in Mausoleum

  |ˈberɪd|

Алексей Викторович Щусев (1873-1949) 

It was built in 1924.

At first the Lenin Mausoleum was wooden.

The architect of the Lenin Mausoleum is A. V. Shchusev (Щусев).

From 1953 to 1961, it was named Lenin's and Stalin's Mausoleum.

The Lenin Mausoleum under the Kremlin wall

1930

Lenin's body was during the Great Patriotic War

The main building of the Tyumen State Northern Trans-Ural Agricultural University

The Cemetery semətri

The Cemetery of Revolutionary Heroes near the Kremlin Wall

Twelve tombs tuːmz of Suslov, Stalin, Kalinin, Dzerzhinsky, Brezhnev and others in front of the Kremlin wall.

The graves of the leaders of the party and the State on the Red Square.

Kremlin Wall Necropolis neˈkrɒpəlɪs

The urns ɜːnz with ashes æʃɪz

The wife of Vladimir Ilyich Lenin.

She was a leading figure in the Bolshevik party and was married to Vladimir Lenin.

Надежда Константиновна Крупская

(1869 - 1939)

Vasily Surikov The Morning of the Strelts Execution (1881)  |ˌeksɪˈkjuːʃ(ə)n|

Никольская башня Nikolskaya Tower

Tomb tuːm of the unknown soldier near the Kremlin wall.

GUM, department store