Word Formation словообразование

Word Formation

NOUN → ADJECTIVE

• + able (comfort → comfort able )
• + ese (China → Chin ese ; Japan → Japan ese )
• + ful (beauty → beauti ful ; color → color ful )
• + ical (economy → econom ical )
• + al (comic → comic al ; fiction → fiction al )
• + ish (self → self ish ; England → Engl ish )
• + ous (fame → fam ous ; courage → courage ous )
• + y (fun → fun ny ; luck → luck y )
• + ed (talent → talent ed ; interest → interest ed )

VERBS → ADJECTIVES

V + ive (act → act ive ; invent → invent ive )

V + ing (care → car ing ; excite → excit ing )

V + ed (confuse → confus ed )

V + less (count → countless)

FORMING ABSTRACT NOUNS

V + ation (examine → examin ation )

V + ment (enjoy → enjoy ment ; agree → agree ment )

V + ence ( depend → depend ence ; correspond → correspond ence )

V + ion (exhaust → exhaust ion ; collect → collect ion )

V + y (discover → discover y ; recover → recover y )

Forming Personal Nouns

We use the suffixes:

• - er (paint – paint er ; work – work er )
• - ist (art – art ist ; piano – pian ist )
• - or (invent – invent or ; act – act or )
• - ian (library – librar ian ; music – music ian )

to form personal nouns.

Forming Negative Adjectives

We use prefixes:

• un- (usual- un usual; likely– un likely; disturbed- un disturbed; necessary- un necessary)
• il- (logical- il logical; legal- il legal; literate- il literate )
• dis- (content- dis content; pleased- dis pleased; respectful- dis respectful)
• in- (advisable – in advisable; accurate – in accurate; appropriate – in appropriate)
• ir- (responsible- ir responsible; regular- ir regular )
• mis- (informed- mis informed; understanding- mis understanding; heard – mis heard)
• im- (possible- im possible; measurable- im measurable; patient- im patient; movable- im movable ; personal- im personal)

to form negative adjectives

Forming Negative Adjectives

We use suffix

• - less (care-care less ; home-home less ; tune- tune less ; doubt – doubt less ; flavour- flavour less )

to form negative adjectives.