PRESENT PERFECT (5 RULES) - PRESENTATION

PRESENT PERFECT

1.Мы используем PRESENT PERFECT –

Если действие произошло в прошлом, но нет точного указания времени .

We have bought a new car .

Diana has changed her job.

Объясните разницу между предложениями

He left the office an hour ago.

He has left the office.

We planned our journey last Sunday.

We have planned our journey.

Jessica has washed the fruit.

She washed the fruit five minutes ago.

2. Если действие закончилось недавно и сейчас есть его последствия, результат

He has just painted the roof of the house .

I have already swept the floor.

Our mother has just cooked dinner.

3. Если действие только что завершилось .

My parents have just phoned .

The train has just stopped .

We have just had lunch.

4. Если действие началось в прошлом и длится сейчас.(since, for)

He has worked in our office for five years. (And he still works here.)

I haven’t skated since I was a schoolgirl.

We haven’t seen him for two years.

5. Если мы говорим о нашем личном опыте, о том что с нами происходило или нет в течение нашей жизни.(ever, never, before)

I have never been to Australia.

We have never flown in a hot air balloon before.

It’s the first time I have ever eaten Chinese food.

Have you ever ridden a camel?

Just, already, ever, never, recently, lately, not yet, yet, since, for, today, this week (month, year), so far (пока что), It’s the first time..., till now,

up to now , How long? Several times

Между вспомогательным и основным глаголами – just, already, ever, never;

в конце предложения – today, yet, so far;

since – употребляется для обозначения начала действия в прошлом Bill has been at the party since seven o’clock.

for - употребляется для обозначения периода на протяжении которого происходило действие до настоящего времени He has lived in Dresden for 6 years.

Past Simple

Present Perfect

Last spring

The day before yesterday

recently

just

Yesterday morning

When?

Last week

ever

When I was 7 years old

never

How long?

lately

since

today

In 1998

Last Sunday

so far

for

yesterday

yet

ago

already

My brother … a model plane.

He ... it two days ago (to make).

It … snowing.

It … snowing an hour ago (to stop).

Eric … his arm.

He … it last Wednesday (to break).

They … a new computer.

They … it last October (to buy).

You … to the Alps?

You … there last winter (to be).

My Dad … me to swim.

He … me to swim last summer. (to teach)

Tony … an essay.

He … it last Thursday. (to write)

Henry … to ride a bike.

He … to ride a bike when he was 7 (to learn).

He … a ticket.

He … a ticket and went to the platform (to buy).

They … the baby to the doctor.

They … the baby to the doctor half an hour ago (to take).

I (to travel) about Africa last month.

She just (to write) a new story.

We (to visit) Greece last year.

They (not to visit) me since June.

I never (to spend) my holidays in Saint Petersburg.

The boy (to fall) ill lately.

I (to have) six lessons yesterday.

She (to put) the kettle on an hour ago.

His sister (to swim) in the pool this morning.

He (to put on) his jacket, (to take) an umbrella and ( to leave).

He (to be) to New York many times.

When they (to get) married?

World War II (to end) in 1945.

I never (to visit) your website.

She (to live) in this city since childhood .

- Alan: I (to be) to Iceland.

- Greg: … you (to enjoy) it?

Итак,

Мы используем PRESENT PERFECT –

Если действие произошло в прошлом, но нет точного указания времени.

Если действие закончилось недавно и сейчас есть его последствия, результат

Если действие только что завершилось .

Если действие началось в прошлом и длится сейчас.(since, for)

Если мы говорим о нашем личном опыте, о том что с нами происходило или нет в течение нашей жизни.(ever, never, before)