Презентация к уроку английского языка История Великобритании

The History of the British Isles

The British Isles have a long history. It includes war and peace, drama and tragedy, competition and cooperation with different nations.

The Celts

• The Celts inhabited Britain since the times immemorial. They can be called the natives of the British Isles.

The Celts

The Celts invented their own written language, but instead of letters they used runes . Many places of interest, such as Stonehenge, were also built by them.

Language

The Celtic contribution to the English language is not great. Only the basic words still remain in everyday use, such as:

• go, eat, drink, be, father, mother, etc.

What sphere do they belong to?

The Romans

In the 44 AD the Romans invaded the British Isles.

Why did the Romans invade Britain?

To revenge the British for fighting against the Roman general Julius Caesar.

To look for riches - land, slaves, etc.

2 reasons

The Romans gave British people

Language

The Calendar

Laws

What else did the Romans give the British people?

Language

The Romans had brought many new words to the English language.

• The names of food (cherry, pear, wine)
• Buildings (wall, street), etc.

The Romans

• They built roads, walls, schools and bath houses. And of course, collected taxes. Soon most of the Celts got used to the Roman way of life.

Calendar

Laws

The Census

Roman Mosaics The floors of Roman buildings were often richly decorated with mosaics - tiny coloured stones (tesserae).

Defending their Empire To control their newly won territory in England, the Romans built heavily defended forts around the country. The Romans built Hadrian's Wall to protect Roman England from the tribes who lived in Scotland.

The Anglo-Saxons

The Romans left Britain in the 5 th century. And immediately it was attacked by the German tribes - Angles, Saxons, Jutes.

Who were the Anglo-Saxons?

Where did the Anglo-Saxons come from?

The Anglo-Saxons

The natives couldn’t defend themselves. The Germans founded the first kingdoms and lived in peace with the Celts for a few centuries.

Language

The Anglo-Saxon words still remain in the English language. They mostly describe the household and family being .

- Lord, lady, bread, pork, cow, etc.

The Church

In the 6 th century the Christianity was introduced in Britain. The new words came into the language:

- angel, altar, devil, the Bible.

Guess the meaning of these words!

Where did the Vikings come from?

The Vikings

From the 8 th century the Vikings began to raid the British Isles. Finally they even got a piece of land called Danelaw.

The Vikings

The words brought to the English language by the Vikings have something in common: sounds “s”, “sk”, “g”, for example:

• egg, sky, ship, skirt, sea, etc.
• Many Vikings were great travellers and sailed all over Europe and the Atlantic Ocean in their long ships.

Where did the Vikings settle in Britain? The Vikings settled in: Islands off the coast of Scotland - Shetland, Orkney and The Hebrides Around the north and north west coast of Scotland Parts of Ireland - Dublin is a Viking city The Isle of Man Small parts of Wales Parts of England known as Danelaw

King Alfred the Great

Alfred was a learned man who encouraged education and improved his kingdom's legal system and military structure.

The Normans

In the 1066 AD William the Conqueror defeated the English king Harold in the battle of Hastings and became the king himself.

Who were the Normans? The Normans were people who lived in Normandy in Northern France. They were originally Vikings from Scandinavia. Who became the next King of England? When William won the Battle of Hastings, he earned himself the title 'Conqueror'. He marched to London and was crowned King in Westminster Abbey on Christmas Day 1066.

Language

• The Norman influence on the English language was great! A lot of words from French came into it, for example:

village, army, soldier, religion, venison, beef, etc.

Choose the right answer:

1. Who invaded Britain in the 5 th century?

a) Romans b) Normans c) Germans

2. What was the nickname of king William?

a) the Noble b) the Conqueror c) the Deer

3. The Normans came from ….

a) France b) Russia c) USA d) China

Choose the right answer:

4 . The Christianity was introduced in …

a) 6 th century b) 11 th century c) 44 BC

5. The Vikings …

a) raided Britain b) defended Britain

6. The runes were used by …

a) the Romans b) the Normans c) the Celts