Таблица Past Perfect & Past Perfect Continuous

Past Perfect (прошедшее законченное)

Past Perfect Continuous (прошедшее законченное продолженное)

1. Действие, которое произошло раньше другого действия в прошлом или раньше указанного времени в прошлом (PP – для более раннего действия, PS – для действия в прошлом).

She had finished work when she met her friends.

They had already sat down for dinner by 8 p.m.

1. Для выделения продолженности действия, которое началось и закончилось до другого действия или указанного времени в прошлом. (обычно со словами for, since)

They had been looking for a house for six months before they found one they liked.

2. Действие, которое закончилось в прошлом, но его результат был виден также в прошлом.

He was happy. He had signed an important contact.

2. Действие, которое длилось какое-то время в прошлом, но его результат был виден также в прошлом

Last Friday Ron had to fly to New York. His flight was delayed. He was annoyed (result). He had been waiting at the airport for three hours.

3. Past Perfect = Present Perfect, но в прошлом

He had broken his leg, so he couldn’t walk.

He has broken his leg, so he can’t walk.

3. Past Perfect Continuous = Present Perfect Continuous, но в прошлом

He had been driving for ten hours so I felt exhausted.

He have been driving for ten hours so I feel exhausted.

4. Past Perfect = Past Simple в предложениях с before или after без разницы в значении. She left after she had finished her work.

She left after she finished her work.

Указатели времени: before, after, for, since, already, just, when, by the time, never

Указатели времени: for, since, how long, before

Past Perfect (прошедшее законченное)

Past Perfect Continuous (прошедшее законченное продолженное)

1. Действие, которое произошло раньше другого действия в прошлом или раньше указанного времени в прошлом (PP – для более раннего действия, PS – для действия в прошлом).

She had finished work when she met her friends.

They had already sat down for dinner by 8 p.m.

1. Для выделения продолженности действия, которое началось и закончилось до другого действия или указанного времени в прошлом. (обычно со словами for, since)

They had been looking for a house for six months before they found one they liked.

2. Действие, которое закончилось в прошлом, но его результат был виден также в прошлом.

He was happy. He had signed an important contact.

2. Действие, которое длилось какое-то время в прошлом, но его результат был виден также в прошлом

Last Friday Ron had to fly to New York. His flight was delayed. He was annoyed (result). He had been waiting at the airport for three hours.

3. Past Perfect = Present Perfect, но в прошлом

He had broken his leg, so he couldn’t walk.

He has broken his leg, so he can’t walk.

3. Past Perfect Continuous = Present Perfect Continuous, но в прошлом

He had been driving for ten hours so I felt exhausted.

He have been driving for ten hours so I feel exhausted.

4. Past Perfect = Past Simple в предложениях с before или after без разницы в значении. She left after she had finished her work.

She left after she finished her work.

4. Present Perfect или Present Perfect Continuous с глаголами: live, work, teach, feel (выражающие определенные эмоции)

We have lived / have been living here for twenty years.

Указатели времени: before, after, for, since, already, just, when, by the time, never

Указатели времени: for, since, how long, before