Развитие функциональной читательской грамотности при работе над текстом

Русакова Наталья Борисовна, учитель английского языка, МБОУ Покровская СОШ№2, Неклиновского района, Ростовской области.

Представлен материал по теме «История интернета» для учащихся 10 класса, английский язык.

Класс работает по УМК “Rainbow English”. 10 класс. Авторы: О.В.Афанасьева ,И.В.Михеева и др.

Материал состоит из 3 частей:

1 - линейный текст «The history of the Internet »;

2 - 7 заданий к тексту разного уровня сложности;

3 - ответы к предлагаемым заданиям.

Текст взят с сайта:

https://enrutext.com/teksty/slozhnye-teksty/c1-advanced/text-6-2/

Цель:    развитие функциональной читательской грамотности при работе над текстом.

Задачи:  

• понимать прочитанный текст, его основную мысль;

• умение находить и извлекать необходимую информацию;

• извлекать информацию различного уровня из текста;

• пользоваться компенсационными умениями;

• использовать содержание текста для умения выражать свои мысли в устной и письменной речи;

• интерпретировать содержание текста в контексте затронутых в нем проблем.

History of the Internet

From its very beginnings the Internet became a crucial part of each and any infrastructure. Similar to the discoveries of electricity, microorganisms or elementary particles, the creation of the Internet has turned a new page in the history of humanity.

The history of the Internet has begun in the middle of the 20th century as a result of rapid development of computer science. Computers of that age were still relatively underperforming and needed constant maintenance. Some kind of an effective and automated method of time-sharing between users needed to be devised and implemented for them to work reliably.

The first idea that had emerged from that necessity was a concept of multi-tasking. Nowadays we don’t pay much attention to the fact that our computers perform many tasks at once, and that with our computers we can, for example, work and listen to music at the same time. But in the 1950s this idea turned out to be revolutionary.

The second idea would be a proposition to merge multiple computers into a single network. Each participant1 of such a network would be able to exchange data with the others. But the exact mechanism of implementation was still largely a mystery. Roughly for ten years the scientists were developing and discarding all kinds of ideas, one after another, preserving those that could be at least somewhat handy bit by bit. This is how the prototypes of packet exchange protocols (as well as the concept of a data packet itself) came to be.

In 1969 a duo of American engineers, Robert Taylor and Lawrence Roberts, have made a presentation to the U. S. Department of Defence with a project dubbed2 ARPANET (which stands for Advanced Research Projects Agency Network) founded on the previous research. Even more advanced networks have started to develop based on this one, including what would be later known as ‘networks of networks’. These researches have culminated with the emergence3 of two main network protocols (TCP and IP), which are still used as of today with some modifications.

A modern solution that eventually replaced ARPANET was called NSFNET, which was the National Science Foundation Network. This particular network has adopted the TCP/IP protocol as its main one, and also helped the emergence of the Domain Name System (DNS). And thus when the 1990s have arrived, the Internet architecture as we know it was largely in place.

One should make a distinction between terms ‘the Internet’ and ‘the World Wide Web’. The first one relates to the network architecture in itself4. The second one is more of a modern development and constitutes an interface that allows the access to a network for a user. It emerged in 1990 courtesy of CERN scientists, Tim Berners-Lee in particular. He was the inventor of terms such as HTTP, HTML, and also of a web browser.

In 2020 nearly 4,5 billion people are using the Internet both for work and communication. The Internet is a cornerstone of all modern banking, of the vital infrastructure automated systems, and also of many computer science branches. This promising technology still continues its development nowadays, and for now we can’t even fathom5 what new discoveries this further development can bring.

The tasks based on the text

Exercise 1. Answer the questions. (Ответьте на вопросы)

1.When did the history of the Internet begin?

2.What was the first idea that emerged in the 1950s to address the need for effective time-sharing between computer users?

3.Who were the American engineers who presented the ARPANET project to the U.S. Department of Defence in 1969?

4.What modern solution replaced ARPANET and what protocol did it adopt as its main one?

5.Who was the scientist credited with inventing terms such as HTTP, HTML, and a web browser for the World Wide Web interface?

.

1.How is the creation of the Internet compared to other discoveries in the text?

a)Similar to the discoveries of electricity, microorganisms, and elementary particles

b)Similar to the discovery of the moon

c)Similar to the discovery of dinosaurs

d)Similar to the discovery of underwater cities

2.What was the first idea that emerged as a result of the rapid development of computer science in the 1950s?

a)The concept of multi-tasking

b)The creation of virtual reality

c)The idea of time travel

d)he invention of smartphones

3.Who made a presentation to the U.S. Department of Defence with a project called ARPANET in 1969?

a)Robert Taylor and Lawrence Roberts

b)Tim Berners-Lee

c)Thomas Edison

d)Albert Einstein

4.Which network protocol was adopted by NSFNET as its main one?

a)TCP/IP

b)HTTP

c)FTP

d)SMTP

5.Who is credited with the invention of the World Wide Web in 1990?

a)Tim Berners-Lee

b)Robert Taylor

c)Lawrence Roberts

d)Steve Jobs

Задание 3 Choose the correct answer. (1) True 2) False 3) Not stated (Выберите правильный вариант (1) верно, 2)неверно, 3)не сказано))

1.The Internet was not considered important in the early days.

2.The first idea that emerged was related to computer hardware.

3.There is no need to distinguish between the Internet and the World Wide Web.

4.The second term is a recent innovation that provides users with network access.

5.In 2020, only a few million people use the Internet for work and communication.

6.The author believes that the Internet will soon become obsolete.

Задание 4 Which title fits best?(Какой заголовок соответствует тексту?)

1.The Evolution of the Internet: From ARPANET to NSFNET

2.How did the Internet change the way we communicate?

3.Did Tim Berners-Lee invent the TCP/IP protocol?

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Задание 5 Match these words to their definitions(Сопоставьте слова с их значениями)

Задание 6 Let's match these halves!(Сопоставьте части предложений)

Задание 7.Writing task

Write how the Internet has changed our life.(Напишите, как интернет изменил нашу жизнь)

Выполненные задания

Задание 1

Correct Answers:

1.The history of the Internet began in the middle of the 20th century.

2.The first idea that emerged in the 1950s was the concept of multi-tasking.

3.The American engineers who presented the ARPANET project were Robert Taylor and Lawrence Roberts.

4.The modern solution that replaced ARPANET was NSFNET, which adopted the TCP/IP protocol.

5.The scientist credited with inventing terms for the World Wide Web interface was Tim Berners-Lee.

Задание 2

Correct Answers:

1.a

2.a

3.a

4.a

5.a

Задание 3 Correct Answers:

1.False - This statement contradicts the idea expressed in the text - the Internet was crucial from the start.

2.Not stated)- There is no information in the text to confirm or deny this statement.

3.False - This statement contradicts the idea expressed in the text - the distinction is necessary.

4.True

5.False - This statement contradicts the factual information provided in the text - nearly 4.5 billion people use the Internet.

6.Not stated- There is no information in the text to confirm or deny this statement

Задание 4. Correct answer:

1

Задание 5.Correct Answers:

1)e

2)c

3)a

4)d

5)b

Задание 6

Correct matches:

1)b

2)d

3)a

4)c

Задание 7.Writing task

Write how the Internet has changed our life.(Напишите, как интернет изменил нашу жизнь)

The Internet has profoundly impacted our world, transforming how we communicate, learn, work, manage our finances, access entertainment, and shop. The Internet has made it possible for us to connect with others instantly and effortlessly, regardless of location. The Internet has changed the way we work, with many people now freelancing or working remotely. The Internet has also transformed the educational sector, making it easier for people to access information and learn new skills.The Internet has also transformed the entertainment industry. We can now access a wide range of movies, music, and games online and even play online casino games from the comfort of our own homes.  The Internet has made it possible for us to shop from the comfort of our own homes.We can now easily compare prices, read reviews, and purchase online, with many retailers offering home delivery or pickup options.

It has made our lives more convenient and connected and will continue to evolve and shape our future in countless ways.

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