The theme of love

The theme of love in the works of W. Shakespeare and M. Auezov

Amantaeva G.A.

Semey pedagogical college named after M.Auezov

Scientific adviser: Mametekova G.S.

In my research work I compared two famous tragedies written at different times. These tragedies are “Yenlik-Kebek “by M.Auezov and “Romeo and Juliet” by W. Shakespeare. Mukhtar Auezov was a famous Kazakh writer, playwright of the 20^th century. W. Shakespeare was the world’s greatest playwright and writer of English language of the 16^th century.

Yenlik-Kebek (play) is the work of Kazakh writer, Doctor of Philology, Mukhtar Omarhanuly Auezov in the tragedy genre. The work was written in 1922 and released in 1943 with a new version. M. Auezov was 21 years old when he wrote this play.

And Romeo and Juliet is a tragedy written by the English poet, widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world's pre-eminent dramatist William Shakespeare.

The most important feeling in these works is love. Love is a wonderful feeling surrounded by hate. And Romeo and Juliet are breathing a little bit of love. They need nothing but their own spouse. The fate of the two young people who have fallen in love with the story of a heroic struggle. Two teenagers love each other and fight for love, without difficulty. In the Kazakh literature, as a genuine genre, M. Auezov's novel was a new, distinctive character.

The play describes different poetic forms to different characters, sometimes changing the form as the character develops. Romeo, for example, grows more adept at the sonnet over the course of the play. Romeo and Juliet have become emblematic of young lovers and doomed love.

Scholars have found it extremely difficult to assign one specific, overarching theme to the play. Proposals for a main theme include a discovery by the characters that human beings are neither wholly good nor wholly evil, but instead are more or less alike, awaking out of a dream and into reality, the danger of hasty action, or the power of tragic fate. None of these have widespread support. However, even if an overall theme cannot be found it is clear that the play is full of several small, thematic elements that intertwine in complex ways.

Howling between two clans of Matai and Tobykty. In winter while hunting Kebek met and fell in love with Yenlik. But everyone was against their love, as two warring clans didn’t let their children marry. "Romeo and Juliet" is simply the story of a tragic love.

A common obstacle in both works is the disagreement between the two families/clans. In my opinion, the death of two teenagers is a guilty one. Because the leaders of the clans oppose the love of two young people and do not agree with them. The rules of the clans considered the case of the two young people to be a crime, a mistake and did not give them their appreciation. If the rules of the clans would have agreed , they would live happily and would not have any cause for the death of two young couples.

The story «Yenlik and Kebek» was published in 1892.The first poem called "The Word preserved in the memory of the Kazakhs" was published in the newspaper "Dala ualayaty" in 1892. In this version, the events of the poem are covered from a folk point of view; it is distinguished by sympathy for lovers and hatred of their persecutors. Despite some shortcomings in the composition, language and style, the poem is valuable authenticity and typicality of the conflict depicted in it.Later, in 1900 it appeared in the same newspaper as "The story from the Kazakh land".   In May 1917, the play " Yenlik - Kebek" was presented at eight wing houses of Abai's dear wife Aigerim in the Oikuduk pasture.

Poet Shakarim dedicated a poem to the plot of “Yenlik – Kebek” event. Following Abai’s advice Shakarim wrote the poem “Yenlik – Kebek”. Shakarim’s story was told by Abai to his readers and Shakarim was offered to write it as a poem.

M.Auezov gives an explanation: «The former owner of Chingis was Matai. In the days of Kengirbai, the rulers of the Tobykty clan wanted to expel Matai from their land. All this leads to attack. The story Enlik-Kebek shows the very first conflict of it”

Shakarim’s version was published again in 1988. This poem contained 652 lines. The epos of Magauya Abaulyuly, that was preserved in the personal library of Mukhtar Auezov, was given to be published by Kayum Mukhametkhanov in 1941.This manuscript was first published in1960 in the collection “Epic poems”. Writer Auezov wrote the same tragedy on the basis of this story. In the Abai district of the East Kazakhstan region there was erected monument to the hero of Yenlik and Kebek.

Romeo and Juliet belong to a tradition of tragic romances stretching back to antiquity. The plot is based on an Italian tale translated into verse as The Tragic History of Romeus and Juliet by Arthur Brooke in 1562 and retold in prose in Palace of Pleasure by William Painter in 1567. Shakespeare borrowed heavily from both but expanded the plot by developing a number of supporting characters, particularly Mercutio and Paris. Believed to have been written between 1591 and 1595, the play was first published in a quarto version in 1597. The text of the first quarto version was of poor quality, however, and later editions corrected the text to conform more closely to Shakespeare's original. Romeo and Juliet have been adapted numerous times for stage, film, musical, and opera venues. During the English Restoration, it was revived and heavily revised by William Davenant. David Garrick's 18th-century version also modified several scenes, removing material then considered indecent, and Georg Benda's Romeo and Juliet omitted much of the action and added a happy ending.

The noble families of the Montagues and the Capulets live in the city of Verona. They had an argument, and were enemies. Their servants were enemies as well. The young men who work for the Montagues and the Capulets get into gangs and fight each other in the street. Because it is fashionable to carry a sword, sometimes they get badly injured.

Verona is ruled by Prince Escalus. He tells the Montagues and the Capulets that they have to stop fighting or they will be punished. It is very difficult to control the young men. Montague has only one child, a teenage boy called Romeo. Capulet also has only one child, a beautiful 14-year-old daughter called Juliet. They do not know each other, because Juliet never goes anywhere without her nursemaid. Romeo and his friends go to a masked ball at the home of Juliet's parents. Romeo and Juliet meet at a party and fall in love. Because they think they will get into trouble with their parents, they tried to hide their love by not talking about it at home. Juliet knows that her parents wanted her to marry a cousin of the prince. Romeo and Juliet get married in secret. Because of their secret marriage, a lot of things happen which bring about many deaths, including, finally, Romeo and Juliet kill themselves.

The work of Mukhtar Auezov was written in the twentieth century, and Shakespeare's work was written in the sixteenth century. However, the main obstacle in both works is hate and cruelty. The main idea of the authors of both works is to explain why that evil is the result. The main hero of the play in Mukhtar Auezov's hero, Kebek was 28, and the main character in Shakespeare's work Romeo was only 16 years old. The characters of both pieces cast their lives for their love. The girls in both works are 14 and 20 years old, but their emotions are the same. Yenlik-Kebek is compared with Shakespeare's tragedy "Romeo and Juliet". If in our Kazakh play “Yenlik-Kebek” Kebek,Yenlik and Esen form love triangle , then in “Romeo and Juliet” they are Romeo, Juliet and Paris.

Juliet Capulet is the main heroine of William Shakespeare's tragedy "Romeo and Juliet", a young girl with the naivety of a child who has changed for the sake of love. Juliet belongs to the family of Capulet, who has long been at odds with the Montague family. She appears at the beginning of the work and appears as a carefree girl, surrounded by the care of her parents, guarded by her cousin Tybalt and loved by her wet nurse. I cannot but admire her strength of will; she could resist all difficulties due to her determination and perseverance. In the soul of the girl awakens a previously unknown feeling, along with which the mind comes to life. She does not think about which family belongs to her lover, that he is the heir to their mortal enemy. For her, he's just a man she loved with all her heart. In the course of the tragedy, Juliet's image gradually changes from a naive girl-child to a mature woman in love. It's the only way they can be together.

Romeo Montagues is the main hero of the tragedy of William Shakespeare's "Romeo and Juliet", a romantic, enamored youth, a representative of a noble family in Verona. The hero appears before the reader at the beginning of the work of a simple young man who walks all the time with friends and is in love with some nonsensical beauty named Rosalind. Friends notice that this is far-fetched love and is often told about it.

Yenlik is the main heroine of M. Auezov’s play” Yenlik-Kebek”, a young naïve girl who fought against her fate. She is also a clever and brave girl of Matai clan.

Kebek is a young, handsome, strong hero clan Tobykty. Clan Tobykty has high hopes for this young man, who has a "soul with fire", which can overcome any test in life.

To my mind these two works are honorable and impetuous sensations of love. If Shakespeare pushed the top of the great feeling of love a loveless and unconscious love M. Auezov social urgency, a satirical picture of the rules and the play exposed the entire feudal-hierarchical system.

The earliest known critic of the play was diarist Samuel Pepys, who wrote in 1662: “Romeo and Juliet” is a play of itself the worst that I never heard in my life."Poet John Dryden wrote 10 years later in praise of the play and its comic character Mercutio: "Shakespeare show'd the best of his skill in his Mercutio, and he said himself, that he was forc'd to kill him in the third Act, to prevent being killed by him." Criticism of the play in the 18th century was less sparse, but no less divided. Publisher Nicholas Rowe was the first critic to ponder the theme of the play, which he saw as the just punishment of the two feuding families.

To the opinion of A.Espembetov, Mukhtar Auezov and Shakarim Kudayberdiuly were not only brothets, they were competing each other on writing great plays.

According to the story Shakespeare chooses language that reflects youthful, idealized notions of romance. Romeo describes his state of mind through a series of oxymoron — setting contradictory words together — blending the joys of love with the emotional desolation of unrequited love: "O brawling love, O loving hate." That he can express such extreme emotions for a woman he barely knows demonstrates both his immaturity and his potential for deeper love

To sum it up, I would like to say that education and training of these works is important for us. There are a lot of people going to cut their lives on this day because they are not fond of their loved ones. Are their love in the hearts of one soul? Did she not love her parents, relatives, and friends who died when she died? True human traits come from true love.

As for me, when I was reading these wonderful stories I really felt hot and cold all over. In these works, the aim is to explore the depths of human souls, embodying such noble qualities as charity, justice and goodness. They showed his brave heroes only in his human qualities. They honored love and friendship, humanity and courage.

The list of used literature:

1. Әуезов М. Абай Құнанбаев. Монографиялық зерттеулер мен мақалалар. – Алматы: Санат, 1995.

2. В.Шекспир «Избранное», Москва, Просвещение-1984

3. M.O.Auezov “Yenlik-Kebek” first version (1922)

4. M.O.Auezov “Yenlik-Kebek” second version (1943)

5. Ш. Мұхтарова, Л.Серова «Шетел балалар әдебиеті» «Фолиант» баспасы, Астана-2012

6. O.V.Tumbina “Lectures on English literature”, Санкт-Петербург, КАРО-2003

7. В.Р.Трусова “ English Literature” , Москва, Просвещение-2002

8. Film Romeo and Julieta (Great Britain, Italy), directed by Carlo Carey, Romeo - Douglas But, Julieta - Hale Steinfield